====== Septum Verum ======

{{ ::septum_verum.jpeg?400|}}

Septum Verum (true septum) is a region in the lower medial part of the [[telencephalon]] that separates the two [[cerebral hemisphere]]s. 

The human septum consists of two parts: The [[septum pellucidum]] (translucent septum), a thin membrane consisting of [[white matter]] and [[glial cell]]s that separate the [[lateral ventricle]]s, and the lower, precommisural septum verum, which consists of nuclei and [[grey matter]].  

The term is sometimes used synonymously with [[Area Septalis]], to refer to the precommisural part of the lower base of the telencephalon. The Septum verum contains the [[septal nuclei]], which are usually considered part of the [[limbic system]].  
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The septum pellucidum and the subjacent [[septum verum]] form the medial wall of the [[frontal horn]] of the [[lateral ventricle]]. Both structures contain nerve fibers that were organized in 3 groups: 1) the [[precommissural fiber]]s of the [[fornix]]; 2) the inferior fascicle; and 3) the superior fascicle of the septum pellucidum. The area directly rostral to the postcommissural column of the fornix consisted of macroscopically identifiable [[gray matter]] corresponding to the [[septal nuclei]]. The histological examinations validated the findings of Barany et al. fiber dissections.

The nerve elements of the septum pellucidum as well as the subjacent septum verum were identified with [[fiber dissection]] and verified with histology for the first time. The septal nuclei located just anterior to the fornix and the precommissural fibers of the [[fornix]] should be preserved during [[endoscopic septum pellucidotomy]]. Considering the venous anatomy as well as the neural architecture of the septum pellucidum, the [[fenestration]] should ideally be placed above the superior edge of the [[fornix]] and preferably dorsal to the [[interventricular foramen]]
((Barany L, Meszaros C, Ganslandt O, Buchfelder M, Kurucz P. Neural and vascular
architecture of the septum pellucidum: an anatomical study and considerations for
safe endoscopic septum pellucidotomy. J Neurosurg. 2019 Aug 2:1-10. doi:
10.3171/2019.5.JNS19754. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31374555.
)).