====== Rivalry ======

**Definition:**  
*Rivalry* refers to a **competitive relationship between individuals, groups, or institutions** who seek to outperform or surpass each other in a shared domain of interest, such as status, recognition, influence, or achievement.

===== Characteristics =====
  * Involves **[[comparison]]**, **[[competition]]**, and often **[[conflict]]**.
  * Can be **[[constructive]]** (driving innovation and excellence) or **[[destructive]]** (breeding hostility, [[sabotage]], or unethical behavior).
  * Often rooted in perceived **[[scarcity]] of [[reward]]s** (e.g., leadership roles, funding, prestige).
  * May be **personal**, **institutional**, **academic**, or **professional**.

===== Types =====
  * **Academic rivalry:** Between researchers, departments, or universities competing for publications, grants, or rankings.
  * **Professional rivalry:** Among colleagues or specialists within the same field.
  * **Institutional rivalry:** Between hospitals, research centers, or medical schools.
  * **Historical rivalry:** Sustained over time, sometimes becoming symbolic or cultural.

===== Related Concepts =====
  * Competition
  * Ambition
  * Ego
  * Envy
  * Conflict

===== Application Example =====
  * Rivalry between neurosurgical units can stimulate advancements in patient care and research, but if left unchecked, may erode collaboration, transparency, and shared learning.