====== Research productivity ======
 

[[Research]] [[productivity]] refers to the [[efficiency]] and [[effectiveness]] with which [[researcher]]s or research [[institution]]s produce valuable and impactful scholarly outputs, such as [[article]]s, [[patent]]s, [[book]]s, or other forms of intellectual property. It can be measured by various metrics, depending on the field of study and the [[goal]]s of the research organization. Common indicators include:

Number of [[Publication]]s: The total count of peer-reviewed articles, conference [[paper]]s, or [[book]]s produced by a researcher or [[institution]] within a certain period.

[[Citation Impact]]

[[Grant Funding]]

[[Patent]]s and [[Innovation]]s The number of patents filed or commercialized innovations derived from research activities.

Collaborative Networks: The degree to which researchers collaborate across institutions, disciplines, or countries, often reflected in co-authored publications.

[[Supervision]] and [[Mentorship]]: Productivity can also be measured by the number of graduate students or postdoctoral researchers a scientist supervises, contributing to knowledge dissemination and training the next generation of researchers.

Increasing research [[productivity]] often involves creating conducive environments with sufficient funding, infrastructure, collaboration opportunities, and time for dedicated research activities.
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A study aims to measure the impact of the Scoliosis Research Society's travel fellowship on a spinal surgeon's career.

A non-incentivized survey was sent to 78 previous SRS junior travel fellows from 1993 to 2021—the questionnaire assessed fellowship influence on academic and administrative positions, professional society memberships, and commercial relationships. The trend of these quantitative measures was created according to a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) calculation of the reported values. The Scopus database was queried for all fellows' publication counts and h-index before and after the fellowship, as well as 3 years, 5 years, and currently. A control cohort of matched surgeons who did not participate in travel fellowships was used to compare research productivity measures relative to travel fellows.

This study had a 73% response rate. Over the periods of 3-5 years after the fellowship, and up to the present, the mean publication count increased by 31.0%, 31.6%, and 46.4%, respectively. Over the same interval, the mean h-index increased by 19.5%, 17.3%, and 11.3%, respectively. From the year of their respective fellowship to the present day, the fellows observed a mean CAGR of + 3.2% in academic positions, + 6.7% in administrative positions, + 2.3% in society memberships, and + 4.7% in commercial relations. Previous fellows concurred the fellowship changed their clinical practice (42.1% Strongly Agree, 36.8% Agree), expanded their network (71.9% Strong Agree, 24.6% Agree), expanded their research (33.3% Strongly Agree, 54.4% Agree), and improved their surgical technique (33.3% Strongly Agree, 49.1% Agree).

Robust [[Feedback]] from previous [[fellow]]s suggests a traveling [[fellowship]] has a meaningful impact on a surgeon's [[research productivity]] and [[career achievement]]
((Joshi A, Kamali A, Helbing J, Welborn MC, Hwang SW, Jain A, Kebaish K, Hassanzadeh H. Current trends and perspectives of scoliosis research society travel fellows. Spine Deform. 2024 Sep 20. doi: 10.1007/s43390-024-00962-4. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39302588.)).