====== Pediatric Intraventricular Tumor ======

Various [[tumor]]s are found in the [[ventricle]]s and [[tissue]]s surrounding the ventricles in [[children]], [[adolescent]]s, and young-adult patients. They cause [[cerebrospinal fluid]] pathway [[obstruction]], resulting in [[hydrocephalus]] and isolated ventricles. 

===== Case series =====
55 patients were operated on for intraventricular tumors in the National Institute of Neurosurgery between 1991 and 2006. Data were analyzed regarding the histological type, presenting symptoms, type of surgical approach, the radicality of the resection, and postoperative complications. In addition to the own results, a brief presentation of the specific histological groups is given based on the available literature
((Markia B, Gyorsok Z, Kordás M, Bognár L. Gyermekkori intraventricularis agydaganatok [Pediatric intraventricular tumors]. Ideggyogy Sz. 2008 Nov 30;61(11-12):371-80. Hungarian. PMID: 19070311.)).

===== Case reports =====

Kagawa describes a neoplasm arising from the lateral and [[third ventricle]]s. [[Intraventricular tumor]]s are good candidates for [[neuroendoscopy]]. Firstly, minimally invasive and established procedures, [[neuroendoscopic biopsy]] with flexible [[endoscopy]] or rigid endoscopy, are performed. These endoscopic biopsies can be performed concurrently with other procedures, such as [[third ventriculostomy]] or [[septostomy]], to improve [[cerebrospinal fluid circulation]]. Neuroendoscopic biopsy for the intraventricular tumor is associated with high diagnostic yield and relatively low incidence of morbidity and mortality, compared with open surgery. The endoscopic diagnostic procedure also can be applied in patients without ventricular dilatation, assisted by neuronavigation or echo-guided equipment. Secondly, neuroendoscopic cylinder surgery also makes it possible to remove intraventricular tumors with less damage. The two-hands technique with rigid endoscopy helps debulking and hemostasis during tumor removal. Further developments in endoscopic equipment and training systems aimed at enhancing cooperation between the operator and assistant should be expected in the future. Neuroendoscopic resection appears to be a safe and reliable treatment option for patients with [[intraventricular tumor]]s
((Kagawa N. [Neuroendoscopic Surgery for Pediatric Intraventricular Tumors]. No Shinkei Geka. 2022 Nov;50(6):1340-1352. Japanese. doi: 10.11477/mf.1436204700. PMID: 36426534.)).