====== Parietal lobe glioma ======

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see also [[Parietal lobe tumor]].

see also [[Left inferior parietal lobule glioma]]

===== Clinical features =====

The impact of [[parietal lobe]] gliomas is typically studied in the context of [[parietal lobe syndrome]]s.

Liouta et al., published in 2018 the first study to prospectively evaluate the [[incidence]] and nature of [[parietal]] association deficits (PADs) in patients with [[parietal lobe glioma]]s. It could be that the current literature may have underestimated the true incidence of deficits. Dedicated neuropsychological examination detects a high frequency of PADs, the most common being [[apraxia]], followed by [[anomia]] and subcomponents of [[Gerstmann's syndrome]]. Nevertheless, a direct correlation between the clinical deficit and its anatomical substrate is only possible to a limited extent, highlighting the need for [[intraoperative cortical mapping]] and [[subcortical functional mapping]]
((Liouta E, Stranjalis G, Kalyvas AV, Koutsarnakis C, Pantinaki S, Liakos F,
Komaitis S, Stavrinou LC. Parietal association deficits in patients harboring
parietal lobe gliomas: a prospective study. J Neurosurg. 2018 Apr 1:1-7. doi:
10.3171/2017.12.JNS171799. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 29726775.
)).
===== Treatment =====


Surgical resection of [[glioma]]s located in the dominant [[parietal lobe]] is difficult because this lesion is surrounded by multiple [[functional]] [[area]]s. Although [[functional mapping]] during [[awake craniotomy]] is very useful for resection of gliomas adjacent to [[eloquent area]]s, the limited time available makes it difficult to sufficiently evaluate multiple functions, such as [[language]], calculative ability, distinction of right and left sides, and finger recognition. 

The combination of subdural electrode mapping and monitoring during awake craniotomy is useful in order to achieve preservation of function and extensive resection for gliomas in the dominant parietal lobe
((Takebayashi K, Saito T, Nitta M, Tamura M, Maruyama T, Muragaki Y, Okada Y.
[Functional mapping using subdural electrodes combined with monitoring during
awake craniotomy enabled preservation of function and extensive resection of a
glioma adjacent to the parietal lobe language sites: a case report]. No Shinkei
Geka. 2015 Jan;43(1):63-8. doi: 10.11477/mf.1436202948. Japanese. PubMed PMID:
25557101.
)).

===== Outcome =====
Neurological deterioration and improvement occur after [[resection]] of parietal lobe gliomas. Parietal lobe association deficits, specifically the components of [[Gerstmann syndrome]], are mostly associated with large tumors that involve both the superior and inferior parietal lobules of the [[dominant hemisphere]]. New [[hemineglect]] or [[sensory]] [[extinction]] was not noted in any patient following resection of lesions located in the nondominant hemisphere. Nevertheless, primary parietal lobe deficits (for example, a [[visual field]] loss or [[cortical]] [[sensory syndrome]]) occurred in patients regardless of hemispheric dominance
((Russell SM, Elliott R, Forshaw D, Kelly PJ, Golfinos JG. Resection of parietal
lobe gliomas: incidence and evolution of neurological deficits in 28 consecutive 
patients correlated to the location and morphological characteristics of the
tumor. J Neurosurg. 2005 Dec;103(6):1010-7. PubMed PMID: 16381187.
)).

===== Case series =====

see [[Parietal lobe glioma case series]].

===== References =====