====== ⚠️ Methodological Weakness ====== **Definition:** A *methodological weakness* refers to any flaw, limitation, or inconsistency in the design, conduct, or analysis of a study that undermines the **validity**, **reliability**, or **generalizability** of its results. ===== πŸ” Common Types of Methodological Weaknesses ===== * **Small sample size** β†’ low statistical power * **Lack of randomization** β†’ selection bias * **Absence of blinding** β†’ observer or performance bias * **Poor control group** β†’ invalid comparisons * **Inadequate follow-up** β†’ incomplete outcome data * **Confounding variables not controlled** β†’ false associations * **Inappropriate statistical methods** β†’ invalid conclusions ===== 🧠 Why It Matters ===== Methodological weaknesses reduce the trustworthiness of a study’s findings and may lead to: * Overestimation or underestimation of effects * False causal claims * Poor reproducibility * Misleading recommendations ===== πŸ“š Related Terms ===== * [[bias]] * [[confounding]] * [[internal validity]] * [[external validity]]