===== Logical =====

**Logical** refers to reasoning, conclusions, or processes that are **coherent, internally consistent, and derived through valid principles of inference**. In science, it implies that **arguments follow from evidence or premises in a structured and rational way**.

==== Key Characteristics ====
  * **Consistency**: Free of contradictions.
  * **Coherence**: Each part fits within an overall structure or argument.
  * **Validity**: Follows accepted rules of deduction or induction.
  * **Justifiability**: Each step can be explained or defended rationally.

==== In Scientific Context ====
  * Logical reasoning underpins:
    * **Hypothesis testing**
    * **Causal inference**
    * **Data interpretation**
  * Lack of logical structure often results in:
    * **Fallacies**
    * **Overgeneralizations**
    * **Non-sequiturs**