====== Intracranial epidural hematoma ======

{{rss>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rss/search/1bwpplXhiviZrwtsi9bXcouCGsT9__qgqo4rnJSwTpXxE9Csel/?limit=15&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&fc=20230716041744}}

===== Classification =====

[[Postoperative Epidural Hematoma]]

[[Skull Base Epidural Hematoma]]

[[Supratentorial epidural hematoma]].

[[Posterior fossa epidural hematoma]].

[[Bilateral intracranial acute epidural hematoma]].

[[Intracranial acute epidural hematoma]].

[[Intracranial chronic epidural hematoma]].

[[Intracranial delayed epidural hematoma]].

[[Pediatric intracranial epidural hematoma]].

===== Diagnosis =====
[[Intracranial epidural hematoma diagnosis]].

===== Treatment =====
see [[Intracranial epidural hematoma treatment]].



====Books====
[[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0128121599/ref=as_li_qf_sp_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=neurocirug0e0-20&camp=1789&creative=9325&linkCode=as2&creativeASIN=0128121599&linkId=bd2fcbf5855b20569a97d30bb258cebd|Intracranial Epidural Bleeding: History, Management, and Pathophysiology]]

===== Intracranial epidural hematoma General University Hospital of Alicante Cases =====


A 50-year-old male presented with [[holocranial]] [[headache]] associated with [[nausea]] after [[mild traumatic brain injury]] The day before, he went to the [[emergency room]] due to a casual [[fall]] due to a slip on a 2-3-step ladder He denies sweating or any other previous symptoms. He denies peri-traumatic [[amnesia]]. He denies [[loss of consciousness]]. He refers to [[dizziness]] at the present time. 

He refers to what happened while he was at his job.

[[S-100B]] 
0,021 ng/mL 

[[Wound]] at the [[scalp]].
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{{::captura_de_pantalla_2022-12-07_a_las_20.51.27.jpg?200|}}

[[Extraaxial]] [[hyperdense]] biconvex collection of 2 x 5.7 cm (TR x AP) left [[temporal]] in relation to [[acute epidural hematoma]]. [[Mass Effect]] on the adjacent [[sulci]] of convexity and partial collapse of the left [[lateral ventricle]], without signs suggestive of [[brain herniation]]. Extra-axial collection in the right temporal location related to [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]], observing some intraparenchymal [[contusion]] with surrounding [[brain edema]] in the adjacent turns. Permeable [[basal cistern]]s. Centered midline. Left parietotemporal [[fracture]] line with anteroinferior direction and adjacent soft tissue augmentation.
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Preoperative [[antibiotic prophylaxis]] with 2g IV [[cefazolin]]. 

[[Supine position]] with head lateralized to the right. Left frontoparietotemporal [[question mark incision]]. 

{{::fracturatemporal.jpg?200|}}

A transverse [[temporal bone fracture]] with active venous bleeding was observed. Left frontotemporal [[craniotomy]], leaving the bone separated into 2 fragments by the [[fracture]]. Profuse active arterial epidural bleeding from a coagulating dural branch of the [[middle meningeal artery]]. Evacuation of an organized epidural hematoma adjacent to said the point of active bleeding and extending to the  [[skull base]]. Venous bleeding from the epidural vein parallel to the [[middle meningeal vein]] was also observed, which coagulated and hemostasis with epidural [[Tachosil]] apposition. Careful [[hemostasis]] with dural surface coagulation and [[Floseal]]. Durapexies including two central points (frontal and temporal). Craniotomy bone replacement (after reconstruction of the fracture with 2 straight miniplates) and fixation with titanium miniplates. 
[[Wound Closure]] by layers ([[temporal muscle]] and [[subcutaneous fascia]] with [[absorbable suture]] and skin with [[surgical staple]]).