====== Idiopathic intracranial hypertension surgery indications ======

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Surgical intervention for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is generally considered when medical management and other conservative treatments have failed or are insufficient. Here are the key indications and types of surgical interventions for IIH:

### **Indications for Surgery:**

1. **Persistent or Severe Symptoms**:
   - When patients continue to experience severe headaches, visual disturbances, or other debilitating symptoms despite optimal medical treatment.

2. **Visual Impairment**:
   - If IIH is causing progressive vision loss or significant papilledema that threatens vision, and medical treatments are not effective in stabilizing or improving the condition.

3. **Failure of Medical Management**:
   - If patients do not respond adequately to medications like acetazolamide or other conservative treatments, surgical options may be considered.

4. **Recurrent or Severe Papilledema**:
   - In cases where papilledema (swelling of the optic nerve) is severe or recurrent despite treatment, and there is a risk of permanent vision damage.

5. **Chronic Intracranial Pressure**:
   - When there is a sustained increase in intracranial pressure that is not adequately controlled by medications or lifestyle changes.