====== IDH inhibitor ======

[[IDH]] inhibitors have shown good clinical response in AML patients. Based on phase 1/2 clinical trials, enasidenib and ivosidenib have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on 1 August 2017 and 20 July 2018 for the treatment of adult R/R AML with IDH2 and IDH1 mutations, respectively.
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[[Allosteric inhibitor]]s of mutant [[IDH1]] or [[IDH2]] induce terminal differentiation of the mutant leukemic blasts and provide durable clinical responses in approximately 40% of [[acute myeloid leukemia]] (AML) patients with the [[mutation]]s. However, primary resistance and acquired resistance to the drugs are major clinical issues. To understand the molecular underpinnings of clinical resistance to [[IDH inhibitor]]s (IDHi), Wang et al. performed multipronged genomic analyses (DNA sequencing, RNA sequencing, and cytosine methylation profiling) in longitudinally collected specimens from 60 IDH1- or IDH2-mutant AML patients treated with the inhibitors. The analysis reveals that [[leukemia]] stemness is a major driver of primary resistance to IDHi, whereas selection of mutations in RUNX1/CEBPA or RAS-RTK pathway genes is the main driver of acquired resistance to IDHi, along with BCOR, homologous IDH gene, and TET2. These data suggest that targeting stemness and certain high-risk co-occurring mutations may overcome resistance to IDHi in AML.
((Wang F, Morita K, DiNardo CD, Furudate K, Tanaka T, Yan Y, Patel KP, MacBeth
KJ, Wu B, Liu G, Frattini M, Matthews JA, Little LD, Gumbs C, Song X, Zhang J,
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Konopleva M, Kantarjian HM, Andrew Futreal P, Takahashi K. [[Leukemia stemness]] and
co-occurring mutations drive resistance to IDH inhibitors in acute myeloid
leukemia. Nat Commun. 2021 May 10;12(1):2607. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22874-x.
PMID: 33972549.))
----


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