====== Hemostatic material ======

{{rss>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rss/search/1dQMS5aH7Sgnxj5Tep79uh1Wl4aqaTNx3hsMeBtyeRmUBMxs-J/?limit=15&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&fc=20240918025550}}
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One of the various methods to minimize [[postoperative hemorrhage]] is the local application of a [[hemostatic]] agent. 

In neurosurgical practice, biosurgical hemostatic [[agent]]s have proved to be extremely useful to complete the more classic use of [[electrocoagulation]]. 

During recent years, many biosurgical topical hemostatic agents were created. Although routinely used during neurosurgical procedures, there is still a great deal of confusion concerning optimal use of these products, because of the wide range of products, as absorbable topical agents, antifibrinolytics agents, fibrin sealants and hemostatic matrix, which perform their hemostatic action in different ways. The choice of the hemostatic agent and the strategy for local [[hemostasis]] are correlated with the neurosurgical approach, the source of bleeding, and the neurosurgeon's practice. 
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AnkaferdBlood Stopper (herbal hemostatic)

SeraSeal (agar and bovine factor proteins)

[[FLOSEAL]] 

[[Hemofence]]

[[SURGIFLO]] (gelatin paste)

[[HELITENE]] (absorbable collagen)

[[Beriplast]] (fibrin sealant containing fibrinogen, factor XIII, and thrombin),

[[TISSEEL]] (fibrin sealant)

[[BLOODCARE]] (hemostatic powder)

[[SURGICEL]] (oxidized cellulose polymer) 
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Hemostatic agents can cause notable histopathologic alterations, including inflammation, fibrosis, and vascularity. In this context, flowable hemostats such as gelatin granules and thrombin or gelatin paste seem to provide more promising results in spinal surgery
((Altun I. An Experimental Study of Histopathologic Effects of Hemostatic Agents
Used in Spinal Surgery. World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun;90:147-153. doi:
10.1016/j.wneu.2016.02.052. Epub 2016 Feb 18. PubMed PMID: 26898493.
)).
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Gazzeri et al., review all the different sources of bleeding during intracranial surgical approaches and analyze how to best choose the right topical hemostatic agent to stop bleeding, from the beginning of the surgical approach to the end of the extradural hemostasis after dural closure, along all the steps of the neurosurgical procedure
((Gazzeri R, Galarza M, Callovini G, Alfieri A. Biosurgical Hemostatic Agents in
Neurosurgical Intracranial Procedures. Surg Technol Int. 2017 Feb 7;30. pii:
sti30/811. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28182825.
)).

see [[Absorbable hemostatic material]]