A 46-year-old healthy man visited a local clinic for general weakness and [[hyposmia]] and underwent examination with serial endocrinological workup and brain imaging. 68Gallium-[[DOTATOC]] positron emission tomography scan was helpful were diagnosis of sellar MRI and inferior petrosal sinus sampling were discordant. Combined transcranial and endoscopic endonasal approach surgery was performed, and a diagnosis of esthesioneuroblastoma was given
((Chung YS, Na M, Ku CR, Kim SH, Kim EH. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Secreting
Esthesioneuroblastoma with Ectopic Cushing's Syndrome. Yonsei Med J. 2020
Mar;61(3):257-261. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.3.257. PubMed PMID: 32102127.
)).
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A case of non-contiguous meningeal recurrence of olfactory neuroblastoma presenting as a giant frontal mass. A 66-year-old woman was admitted with a left nasal intranasal localized tumor without cranial extension and gross total removal was achieved. Pathological examination showed olfactory neuroblastoma and radiation therapy was added in a limited region of the removal cavity. Radiological follow-up continued for 10 years and there was no local recurrence. Sixteen years after radiation therapy, the patient found a slight frontal mass gradually growing. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enhanced mass lesion of 7 cm in thickness and 9 cm in diameter associated with marked thickness of the frontal bone, intradural cystic mass compressing the bilateral frontal lobe, and no local recurrence. A second operation was performed followed by radiotherapy and we diagnosed no-contiguous meningeal recurrence of metastatic olfactory neuroblastoma. Olfactory neuroblastoma is a locally aggressive tumor. Although metastases of this tumor has been reported, non-contiguous spread to the dura is rare. Understanding the route of remote metastases and careful evaluation after primary treatment are needed to avoid misdiagnosis and treatment delays
((Saito A, Sasaki T, Inoue T, Narisawa A, Inoue T, Suzuki S, Ezura M, Uenohara
H. Non-contiguous Meningeal Recurrence of Olfactory Neuroblastoma: A Case Report 
and Literature Review. NMC Case Rep J. 2018 Jun 28;5(3):69-72. doi:
10.2176/nmccrj.cr.2017-0233. eCollection 2018 Jul. PubMed PMID: 30023143; PubMed 
Central PMCID: PMC6048349.
)).