====== Cervical sympathetic trunk ======

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The cervical [[sympathetic trunk]] contains three interconnected [[ganglia]]: the superior, middle, and inferior [[cervical ganglia]]. In 80% of people, the lowest cervical [[ganglion]] is fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form the cervicothoracic [[stellate ganglion]].

A simple treatment such as a cervical [[sympathetic nerve block]] may be an effective therapy but is not routinely performed to treat [[vasospasm]]/[[DCI]]. cervical [[sympathetic nerve block]] consists of injecting local anesthetic at the level of the [[cervical sympathetic trunk]], which temporarily blocks the innervation of the cerebral arteries to cause arterial [[vasodilatation]]. cervical [[sympathetic nerve block]] is a local, minimally invasive, low cost and safe technique that can be performed at the bedside and may offer significant advantages as a complementary treatment in combination with more conventional neurointerventional surgery interventions. Bombardieri et al. reviewed the literature that describes cervical [[sympathetic nerve block]] for vasospasm/DCI prevention or treatment in humans after aSAH. The studies outlined in this review show promising results for a cervical [[sympathetic nerve block]] as a treatment for vasospasm/DCI. Further research is required to standardize the technique, explore how to integrate a cervical [[sympathetic nerve block]] with conventional neurointerventional surgery treatments of vasospasm and DCI, and study its long-term effect on neurological outcomes
((Bombardieri AM, Albers GW, Rodriguez S, Pileggi M, Steinberg GK, Heit JJ. Percutaneous cervical sympathetic block to treat cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia: a review of the evidence. J Neurointerv Surg. 2022 Dec 6:jnis-2022-019838. doi: 10.1136/jnis-2022-019838. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36597947.)).