[[Cerebral revascularization]] dates back to [[1953]] when Conley performed the first reported [[saphenous vein graft]] (SVG) bypass of the [[cervical internal carotid artery]] (ICA) for a tumor of the neck
((CONLEY JJ. Free [[autogenous]] [[vein graft]] to the internal and common [[carotid]] arteries in the treatment of [[tumor]]s of the [[neck]]. Ann Surg. 1953 Feb;137(2):205-14. doi: 10.1097/00000658-195302000-00009. PMID: 13017520; PMCID: PMC1802458.)).
In [[1971]], Lougheed and colleagues performed the first long-segment [[saphenous vein graft]] (SVG)  bypass from the common carotid to the [[intracranial]] [[ICA]]
((Lougheed WM, Marshall BM, Hunter M, Michel ER, Sandwith-Smyth H. Common carotid to intracranial internal carotid [[bypass]] [[venous graft]]. [[Technical note]]. J Neurosurg. 1971 Jan;34(1):114-8. doi: 10.3171/jns.1971.34.1.0114. PMID: 5539642.)).

Fisch and associates
((Fisch UP, Oldring DJ, Senning A. Surgical therapy of internal carotid artery lesions of the skull base and temporal bone. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg (1979). 1980 Sep-Oct;88(5):548-54. doi: 10.1177/019459988008800507. PMID: 6255398.))
and Glassock and coworkers
((Glassock ME 3rd, Smith PG, Bond AG, Whitaker SR, Bartels LJ. Management of aneurysms of the petrous portion of the internal carotid artery by resection and primary anastomosis. Laryngoscope. 1983 Nov;93(11 Pt 1):1445-53. PMID: 6633117.)) 
pioneered direct [[vein graft]] [[reconstruction]] of the [[petrous segment]] or [[internal carotid artery C2 segment]].

Sekhar and colleagues
((Sekhar LN, Sen CN, Jho HD. Saphenous vein graft bypass of the cavernous internal carotid artery. J Neurosurg. 1990 Jan;72(1):35-41. doi: 10.3171/jns.1990.72.1.0035. PMID: 2294182.))
and Spetzler and associates
((Spetzler RF, Fukushima T, Martin N, Zabramski JM. Petrous carotid-to-intradural carotid saphenous vein graft for intracavernous giant aneurysm, tumor, and occlusive cerebrovascular disease. J Neurosurg. 1990 Oct;73(4):496-501. doi: 10.3171/jns.1990.73.4.0496. PMID: 2398379.))
both described SVG bypass of the petrous to supraclinoid carotid artery.

Although first described in the setting of cervical neoplasms, [[cerebral revascularization]] was primarily developed for the prevention of [[stroke]] in [[chronic cerebral ischemia]] due to [[carotid artery stenosis]]. This practice flourished through the [[Superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery bypass]] (STA-MCA) [[bypass]] until it peaked in [[1985]], when the EC/IC Bypass Study Group
((EC/IC Bypass Study Group. Failure of extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass to reduce the risk of [[ischemic stroke]]. Results of an international randomized trial. N Engl J Med. 1985 Nov 7;313(19):1191-200. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198511073131904. PMID: 2865674.))