====== Cerebellar mutism case reports ======


A case of a 10-year-old girl who suffered a cerebellar hemorrhage and subsequent CMS following surgical treatment of a ruptured arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the cerebellar vermis. The AVM was removed acutely through a transvermian access, and hydrocephalus was treated with temporary external drainage. In the postoperative period, she suffered diffuse vasospasms of the anterior cerebral circulation and had a permanent shunt placed for hydrocephalus. Her mutism resolved after 45 days but severe ataxia persisted. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of CMS related to a vermian hemorrhagic stroke with postoperative diffuse vasospasms. Based on this case, we present a literature review on CMS of non-tumor surgical origin in children
((Laustsen AF, Børresen ML, Hauerberg J, Juhler M. Cerebellar mutism syndrome of non-tumour surgical aetiology-a case report and literature review. Childs Nerv Syst. 2023 May 4. doi: 10.1007/s00381-023-05947-8. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37140666.)).

===== 2015 =====
Unusual case of posterior fossa syndrome and bilateral [[hypertrophic olivary degeneration]] after surgical removal of a large fourth ventricle ependymoma in an adult
((Manzano-Lopez Gonzalez D, Conesa Bertran G, Lafuente Baraza J. Unusual case of
posterior fossa syndrome and bilateral hypertrophic olivary degeneration after
surgical removal of a large fourth ventricle ependymoma in an adult. Acta
Neurochir (Wien). 2015 Jul;157(7):1271-3. doi: 10.1007/s00701-015-2442-4. Epub
2015 May 9. PubMed PMID: 25956396.)).
===2014===
Nedermeijer et al. describe a girl with late onset OCT deficiency presenting with transient mutism and subsequent dysarthria, ataxia and behavioural changes. This is an exceptional report of a not yet described neurologic syndrome in Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTC) 
((Nedermeijer SC, van den Hout J, Geleijns C, de Klerk H, Catsman-Berrevoets CE.
Posterior fossa syndrome in a patient with an ornithine transcarbamylase
deficiency. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2015 May;19(3):364-6. doi:
10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.12.001. Epub 2014 Dec 24. PubMed PMID: 25687292.
)).

===2012===
De Smet report an adult patient with PFS after surgical evacuation of a cerebellar bleeding. After 45 days of (akinetic) mutism, the patient's cognitive and behavioural profile closely resembled the "cerebellar cognitive-affective syndrome". A quantified SPECT study showed perfusional deficits in the anatomoclinically suspected supratentorial areas, subserving language dynamics, executive functioning, spatial cognition and affective regulation. We hypothesize that cerebello-cerebral diaschisis might be an important pathophysiological mechanism underlying akinetic mutism, cognitive deficits and behavioural-affective changes in adult patients with PFS
((De Smet HJ, Mariën P. Posterior fossa syndrome in an adult patient following
surgical evacuation of an intracerebellar haematoma. Cerebellum. 2012
Jun;11(2):587-92. doi: 10.1007/s12311-011-0322-x. PubMed PMID: 22038693.
)).

===2007===
A 12-year-old child who developed transient cerebellar mutism associated with behavioral and emotional symptoms following rupture of a vermis arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Following the stroke, the girl experienced a 24-hour symptom-free interval. After that, she became mute and her emotional state was characterized by severe anxiety, irritability and withdrawal. After 3 days, mutism resolved and dysarthria became apparent. Two weeks after stroke, the AVM was surgically removed and the postoperative course was uneventful. This case is the first reported in which the PFS occurred after focal nonsurgically induced cerebellar damage
((Baillieux H, Weyns F, Paquier P, De Deyn PP, Mariën P. Posterior fossa
syndrome after a vermian stroke: a new case and review of the literature. Pediatr
Neurosurg. 2007;43(5):386-95. Review. PubMed PMID: 17786004.
)).