====== Central nervous system infection prevention ======
Some preventive measures including vaccines, antibiotics, and surgical procedures are available. However, for many of these central nervous system infections, preventive measures are lacking or less effective than those for infections in other organs
((Durack DT. Prevention of central nervous system infections in patients at risk. Am J Med. 1984 May 15;76(5A):231-7. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(84)90269-9. PMID: 6372475.))

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The [[rate]] of [[central nervous system infection]] (CNSI) is marginal and antibiotics do not appear to confer a protective advantage. A larger trial is needed to elucidate the true effect of antibiotics on preventing CNSIs in patients with [[posttraumatic pneumocephalus]] or [[cerebrospinal fluid leak]]
((Wang HP, Reif RJ, Kalkwarf KJ, Jensen HK, Jenkins AK, Bhavaraju A. Prophylactic Antibiotics in Patients with Traumatic Pneumocephalus or Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak. Am Surg. 2022 Aug 18:31348221117041. doi: 10.1177/00031348221117041. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35979960.)).

Neurosurgical [[procedure]]s and immunocompromisation are major [[risk factor]]s for [[Staphylococcus aureus]] [[central nervous system infection]]s. Hand [[hygiene]], [[surveillance]] nasal [[swab]]s and [[perioperative]] [[prophylaxis]] are crucial points for effective SA [[infection]]s [[prevention]]. In case of SA-CNS infections, pending microbiological results, anti-methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA) [[antibiotic]], with good CNS penetration, should be included, with prompt de-escalation as soon as [[MRSA]] is ruled out. Consultation with an expert in antimicrobial therapy is recommended as well as prompt source control when feasible
((Antonello RM, Riccardi N. How we deal with [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (MSSA, MRSA) [[central nervous system infection]]s. Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2022 Jan 12;14(1):1. doi: 10.31083/j.fbs1401001. PMID: 35320912.)).

====== Prophylactic antibiotics for posttraumatic cerebrospinal fluid fistula ======
[[Prophylactic antibiotics for posttraumatic cerebrospinal fluid fistula]]