The border zone of different [[tissue]]s is often the object of discussion, considering that the definition of the border is always ambiguous, especially in cases of [[tumor]]. The population of different cells in this area largely depends on the character of those cells in terms of the ability of cell motility and the status of tissue barrier, such as extracellular matrices. [[Glioma]]s, especially [[malignant glioma]]s, are known to possess a highly invasive nature. The surgical [[extent of resection]] is determined by the intraoperative macroscopic appearance, sometimes assisted by the information of a [[navigation]] system based on the preoperative images, that is easily influenced by the intraoperative [[brain shift]] in many cases. Therefore, the surgery often results in an incomplete resection
((Yamaguchi F. The Border Zone of Tumor. Where is the Border? What is a Surgical
Border for Patients? World Neurosurg X. 2019 Jan 24;2:100011. doi:
10.1016/j.wnsx.2019.100011. eCollection 2019 Apr. PubMed PMID: 31218286; PubMed
Central PMCID: PMC6580876.
)).