====== Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis studies ======

===== ACST =====

see [[ACST]].

===== ACAS =====

see [[ACAS]].

===== Veteran’s Administration Cooperative Study (VACS) =====

CEA reduces ipsilateral neurologic events but did not reduce the rate of ipsilateral strokes nor death (most deaths were secondary to MI). This trial did not include women and was not powered to detect differences in outcome subgroups.


===== CASANOVA Study =====

No difference in outcome between CEA vs. aspirin (new stroke or death), but an unusual protocol
lessened its statistical validity.

===== Mayo Clinic Asymptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy (MACE) Study =====

There were no major strokes or deaths in either the medical or the endarterectomy group.
Surgically treated patients were not given aspirin, and 26% had an MI compared to 9% in the aspirin- treated medical arm, reflecting the high incidence of concomitant CAD in patients with an asympto- matic carotid artery stenosis.