====== Article Retraction by Country ======

[[China]] was the leading [[country]] of origin for [[retracted publication]]s, with 30% of the [[publication]]s included in a study of Wang et al.
((Wang J, Ku J, Alotaibi NM, Rutka JT. Retraction of Neurosurgical Publications:
A Systematic Review. World Neurosurg. 2017 Apr 12. pii: S1878-8750(17)30509-0.
doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.04.014. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PubMed PMID:
28412480.
)).
This category was followed closely by the [[United States]], accounting for 25% of the retracted publications. A study by Amos in 2014 also reported that China had the most retracted publications because of [[plagiarism]] and [[duplicate publication]]s
((Amos KA. The ethics of scholarly publishing:
exploring differences in plagiarism and duplicate
publication across nations. J Med Libr Assoc. 2014;
102:87-91.)).

Fang et al. 
((Fang FC, Steen RG, Casadevall A. Misconduct
accounts for the majority of retracted scientific
publications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:
17028-17033.))
also found that the top 3 countries with the most retracted publications for these reasons were the [[United States]], [[China]], and [[India]], which is in keeping with the results of Wang et al.