====== Anterior cranial base reconstruction ======

Anterior [[cranial base reconstruction]] is occasionally necessary following severe [[trauma]]. Several methods for [[reconstruction]] have been described and some authors have described their experiences regarding the use of a [[pericranial flap]] for anterior skull base reconstruction after trauma. A 26-year-old woman was admitted to our department with multiple facial bone fractures identified using facial bone computed tomography. Plastic surgeons performed surgery under general anesthesia for the patient's nasal bone fractures. On the seventh day after admission, the patient's brain computed tomography showed an abscess in the frontal lobe. Antibiotic treatment was started, but the lesion deteriorated. Anterior skull base reconstruction was then performed using a pericranial flap with gelfoam compression. No complications, including leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, cerebral hemorrhage, necrosis of the pericranial flap, or frontal lobe herniation, were observed 1 year following surgery. In our case, the authors performed a simple and effective treatment with reconstruction using pericranial flap and gelfoam compression without complications. This technique is useful for reconstructing defects in the base of the frontal bone resulting from various causes, as well as for fracture of the anterior skull base following trauma
((Song TW, Lee SK, Kim TS, Joo SP. Pericranial Flap Anterior Skull Base
Reconstruction With Gelfoam Intradural Compression. J Craniofac Surg. 2019 Mar 9.
doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000005364. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30921076.
)).

===== Unclassified articles =====




2: Gkasdaris G, Birbilis T, Ioannidis O, Tsalis K. An incidental intracranial
lesion in a young woman with head trauma: The key role of CT bone reconstruction 
in the diagnosis of an osteoma of the anterior cranial fossa. Clin Case Rep. 2019
Feb 11;7(3):595-596. doi: 10.1002/ccr3.2049. eCollection 2019 Mar. PubMed PMID:
30899508; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6406142.


3: Moriwaki Y, Tomioka Y, Imai H, Iida T, Yamashita S, Kanayama K, Iwamoto N,
Okazaki M. Treating Pulsatile Exophthalmos in Child with Minimally Invasive
Approach and Custom-made Titanium Mesh Plate. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2019
Feb 11;7(2):e2070. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000002070. eCollection 2019 Feb.
PubMed PMID: 30881828; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6416129.


4: Ferrari M, Vural A, Schreiber A, Mattavelli D, Gualtieri T, Taboni S,
Bertazzoni G, Rampinelli V, Tomasoni M, Buffoli B, Doglietto F, Rodella LF,
Deganello A, Nicolai P. Side-Door Temporoparietal Fascia Flap: A Novel Strategy
for Anterior Skull Base Reconstruction. World Neurosurg. 2019 Feb 27. pii:
S1878-8750(19)30467-X. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.02.056. [Epub ahead of print]
PubMed PMID: 30822581.


5: Ahn JC, Cho SW, Kim DK, Han DH, Kim DY, Rhee CS, Lee CH, Kim YH, Paek SH, Won 
TB. Recovery period of sinonasal quality of life and its associated factors after
endoscopic endonasal approach for anterior skull base tumors. Acta Otolaryngol.
2019 Feb 26:1-6. doi: 10.1080/00016489.2019.1574982. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 30806120.


6: Riley CA, Tabaee A, Conley L, Amine M, Soneru CP, Anand VK, Schwartz TH.
Long-term sinonasal outcomes after endoscopic skull base surgery with nasoseptal 
flap reconstruction. Laryngoscope. 2018 Dec 19. doi: 10.1002/lary.27637. [Epub
ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30569585.


7: Schreiber A, Bertazzoni G, Ferrari M, Rampinelli V, Verri P, Mattavelli D,
Fontanella M, Nicolai P, Doglietto F. Nasal Morbidity and Quality of Life After
Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Single-Center Prospective Study. World
Neurosurg. 2019 Mar;123:e557-e565. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.11.212. Epub 2018 Dec
5. PubMed PMID: 30528530.


8: Garzaro M, Pecorari G, Riva G, Pennacchietti V, Pacca P, Raimondo L, Tron E,
Ducati A, Zenga F. Nasal Functions in Three-Dimensional Endoscopic Skull Base
Surgery. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2018 Dec 10:3489418816723. doi:
10.1177/0003489418816723. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30525922.


9: Iwami K, Fujii M, Kishida Y, Jinguji S, Yamada M, Bakhit M, Nishio N, Fujimoto
Y, Ogawa T, Takanari K, Kamei Y, Saito K. Role of transcranial sphenoidotomy in
skull base surgery: classification of surgical techniques based on the surgical
anatomy of the sphenoid sinus. J Neurosurg. 2018 Nov 1:1-10. doi:
10.3171/2018.6.JNS181013. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30497162.


10: Gopal VV, Bhooshan LS, Michael A, Issac P, Mathew S, Abraham TR, Balakrishnan
PK. Moulded Osteomyofascial Pedicled Split (MOPS) Craniotomy Flap in
Reconstruction of Anterior Cranial Fossa Defects: Pilot Study of a Novel
Technique. Asian J Neurosurg. 2018 Oct-Dec;13(4):1011-1017. doi:
10.4103/ajns.AJNS_23_17. PubMed PMID: 30459859; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6208263.


11: Murakami Y, Jinguji S, Kishida Y, Ichikawa M, Sato T, Fujii M, Sakuma J,
Murakami F, Saito K. Multiple Surgical Treatments for Repeated Recurrence of
Skull Base Mesenchymal [[Chondrosarcoma]]. NMC Case Rep J. 2018 Sep 13;5(4):99-103.
doi: 10.2176/nmccrj.cr.2018-0016. eCollection 2018 Oct. PubMed PMID: 30327751;
PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6187253.


12: Roca E, Penn DL, Safain MG, Burke WT, Castlen JP, Laws ER Jr. Abdominal Fat
Graft for Sellar Reconstruction: Retrospective Outcomes Review and Technical
Note. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2018 Aug 16. doi: 10.1093/ons/opy219. [Epub
ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30124966.


13: La Rocca G, Della Pepa GM, Sturiale CL, Sabatino G, Auricchio AM, Puca A,
Olivi A, Marchese E, Albanese A. Lateral Supraorbital Versus Pterional Approach: 
Analysis of Surgical, Functional, and Patient-Oriented Outcomes. World Neurosurg.
2018 Nov;119:e192-e199. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.07.091. Epub 2018 Jul 18. PubMed
PMID: 30031183.


14: Feroze RA, Agarwal N, Sekula RF. Utility of calcium phosphate cement
cranioplasty following supraorbital approach for tumor resection. Int J Neurosci.
2018 Dec;128(12):1199-1203. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2018.1492573. Epub 2018 Aug 21.
PubMed PMID: 29952679.


15: Visconti G, Pagliara D, Bianchi A, La Rocca G, Olivi A, Salgarello M.
Successful Treatment of Pneumocephalus Using a Free-Style Chimeric Free Flap From
a Scarred Thigh. J Craniofac Surg. 2018 Oct;29(7):e658-e660. doi:
10.1097/SCS.0000000000004715. PubMed PMID: 29944558.


16: Vargo JD, Przylecki W, Camarata PJ, Andrews BT. Classification and
Microvascular Flap Selection for Anterior Cranial Fossa Reconstruction. J
Reconstr Microsurg. 2018 Oct;34(8):590-600. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1649520. Epub
2018 May 18. PubMed PMID: 29775983.


17: Turri-Zanoni M, Zocchi J, Lambertoni A, Giovannardi M, Karligkiotis A,
Battaglia P, Locatelli D, Castelnuovo P. Endoscopic Endonasal Reconstruction of
Anterior Skull Base Defects: What Factors Really Affect the Outcomes? World
Neurosurg. 2018 Aug;116:e436-e443. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.04.225. Epub 2018 May
9. PubMed PMID: 29753077.


18: Pinheiro-Neto CD, Peris-Celda M, Kenning T. Extrapolating the Limits of the
Nasoseptal Flap With Pedicle Dissection to the Internal Maxillary Artery. Oper
Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2019 Jan 1;16(1):37-44. doi: 10.1093/ons/opy075. PubMed
PMID: 29688445.


19: Tang D, Roxbury C, D'Anza B, Kshettry V, Woodard T, Recinos P, Sindwani R.
Technical notes on the endoscopic endonasal approach to the craniovertebral
junction for odontoidectomy. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2018 Mar;32(2):85-86. doi:
10.1177/1945892418762659. Epub 2018 Mar 23. PubMed PMID: 29644899.


20: Emanuelli E, Frasson G, Cazzador D, Borsetto D, Denaro L. Endoscopic
Transsphenoidal Salvage Surgery for Symptomatic Residual Cystic Craniopharyngioma
after Radiotherapy. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2018 Apr;79(Suppl 3):S256-S258.
doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1636504. Epub 2018 Feb 8. PubMed PMID: 29588890; PubMed
Central PMCID: PMC5868918.


21: Barger J, Siow M, Kader M, Phillips K, Fatterpekar G, Kleinberg D, Zagzag D, 
Sen C, Golfinos JG, Lebowitz R, Placantonakis DG. The posterior nasoseptal flap: 
A novel technique for closure after endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of
pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Surg Neurol Int. 2018 Feb 14;9:32. doi:
10.4103/sni.sni_192_17. eCollection 2018. PubMed PMID: 29527390; PubMed Central
PMCID: PMC5838838.


22: Maggiore G, Lazio MS, Gallo O. Treatment of pediatric esthesioneuroblastoma
with smell preservation. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2018 Oct;45(5):1107-1112. doi:
10.1016/j.anl.2018.02.003. Epub 2018 Feb 21. PubMed PMID: 29475764.


23: Liu JK, Mendelson ZS, Kohli G, Eloy JA. Relaxing Sphenoidal Slit Incision to 
Extend the Anterior and Posterior Reach of Pedicled Nasoseptal Flaps During
Endoscopic Skull Base Reconstruction of Transcribriform Defects: Technical Note
and Results in 20 Patients. World Neurosurg. 2018 May;113:49-57. doi:
10.1016/j.wneu.2018.01.142. Epub 2018 Feb 6. PubMed PMID: 29421455.


24: Kang SY, Eskander A, Hachem RA, Ozer E, Teknos TN, Old MO, Prevedello DM,
Carrau RL. Salvage skull base reconstruction in the endoscopic era: Vastus
lateralis [[free tissue transfer]]. Head Neck. 2018 Apr;40(4):E45-E52. doi:
10.1002/hed.25094. Epub 2018 Feb 6. PubMed PMID: 29406605.


25: Locatelli D, Pozzi F, Agresta G, Padovan S, Karligkiotis A, Castelnuovo P.
Extended Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Suprasellar Craniopharyngioma. J
Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2018 Feb;79(2):S196-S198. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1623529. 
Epub 2018 Jan 18. PubMed PMID: 29404249; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5796833.


26: Ben-Ari O, Wengier A, Ringel B, Carmel Neiderman NN, Ram Z, Margalit N, Fliss
DM, Abergel A. Nasoseptal Flap for Skull Base Reconstruction in Children. J
Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2018 Feb;79(1):37-41. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1617435. Epub
2018 Jan 11. Review. PubMed PMID: 29404239; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5796824.


27: Borghei-Razavi H, Truong HQ, Fernandes-Cabral DT, Celtikci E, Chabot JD,
Stefko ST, Wang EW, Snyderman CH, Cohen-Gadol A, Gardner PA, Fernández-Miranda
JC. Minimally Invasive Approaches for Anterior Skull Base Meningiomas:
Supraorbital Eyebrow, Endoscopic Endonasal, or a Combination of Both? Anatomic
Study, Limitations, and Surgical Application. World Neurosurg. 2018
Apr;112:e666-e674. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.01.119. Epub 2018 Feb 19. PubMed
PMID: 29378344.


28: Fredes F, Pinto J, Pinto N, Rojas P, Prevedello DM, Carrau RL, Schmidt T.
Potential Effect of Leukocyte-Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Bone Healing of Skull Base:
A Pilot Study. Int J Otolaryngol. 2017;2017:1231870. doi: 10.1155/2017/1231870.
Epub 2017 Nov 16. PubMed PMID: 29348753; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5733862.


29: Di Somma A, Andaluz N, Cavallo LM, Topczewski TE, Frio F, Gerardi RM, Pineda 
J, Solari D, Enseñat J, Prats-Galino A, Cappabianca P. Endoscopic transorbital
route to the petrous apex: a feasibility anatomic study. Acta Neurochir (Wien).
2018 Apr;160(4):707-720. doi: 10.1007/s00701-017-3448-x. Epub 2017 Dec 29. PubMed
PMID: 29288394.


30: Mehta GU, Hanna EY, DeMonte F, Raza SM. Endoscopic endonasal resection of
sinonasal/anterior skull base malignancy (Kadish C esthesioneuroblastoma). Acta
Neurochir (Wien). 2018 Feb;160(2):361-366. doi: 10.1007/s00701-017-3437-0. Epub
2017 Dec 26. PubMed PMID: 29277853.


31: Metwali H, Gerganov V, Nery B, Aly A, Avila-Cervantes R, Samii M. Efficiency 
and Safety of Autologous Fat Grafts in Reconstructing Skull Base Defects After
Resection of Skull Base Meningiomas. World Neurosurg. 2018 Feb;110:249-255. doi: 
10.1016/j.wneu.2017.11.084. Epub 2017 Nov 23. PubMed PMID: 29174239.


32: Sun DQ, Menezes AH, Howard MA 3rd, Gantz BJ, Hasan DM, Hansen MR. Surgical
Management of Tumors Involving Meckel's Cave and Cavernous Sinus: Role of an
Extended Middle Fossa and Lateral Sphenoidectomy Approach. Otol Neurotol. 2018
Jan;39(1):82-91. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000001602. PubMed PMID: 29135804; PubMed
Central PMCID: PMC6042969.


33: Chakravarthi S, Gonen L, Monroy-Sosa A, Khalili S, Kassam A. Endoscopic
Endonasal Reconstructive Methods to the Anterior Skull Base. Semin Plast Surg.
2017 Nov;31(4):203-213. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1607274. Epub 2017 Oct 25. Review.
PubMed PMID: 29075159; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5656444.


34: Coll G, Sakka L, Botella C, Pham-Dang N, Collet C, Zerah M, Arnaud E, Di
Rocco F. Pattern of Closure of Skull Base Synchondroses in Crouzon Syndrome.
World Neurosurg. 2018 Jan;109:e460-e467. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.208. Epub
2017 Oct 10. PubMed PMID: 29024761.


35: Park SJ, Kim HJ, Kim DY, Rhee CS, Lee CH, Paek SH, Won TB. Radioanatomic
study of the skull base and septum in Asians: implications for using the
nasoseptal flap for anterior skull-base reconstruction. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol.
2017 Oct;7(10):999-1005. doi: 10.1002/alr.21993. Epub 2017 Aug 21. PubMed PMID:
28834303.


36: Gol'bin DA, Mindlin SN. [Tactics of reconstructive closure of basal defects
after resection of midline tumors of the anterior skull base (a literature
review)]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko. 2017;81(3):77-87. doi:
10.17116/neiro201781377-87. Review. Russian. PubMed PMID: 28665391.


37: Fraser S, Gardner PA, Koutourousiou M, Kubik M, Fernandez-Miranda JC,
Snyderman CH, Wang EW. Risk factors associated with postoperative cerebrospinal
fluid leak after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. J Neurosurg. 2018
Apr;128(4):1066-1071. doi: 10.3171/2016.12.JNS1694. Epub 2017 Jun 9. PubMed PMID:
28598276.


38: Canto AMD, Pinotti MM, Maciel FA, Todeschini AB, Aguiar GB, Freitas RR.
Treatment of a Large Traumatic Encephalocele with Titanium Mesh. Craniomaxillofac
Trauma Reconstr. 2017 Jun;10(2):145-150. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1582452. Epub 2016
May 5. PubMed PMID: 28523088; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5435491.


39: Katsuno M, Uchida K, Matsuno A. A temporofrontal fascia flap that penetrated 
temporal muscle for the reconstruction of an anterior skull base bone and dura: a
technical case report. Br J Neurosurg. 2017 May 17:1-3. doi:
10.1080/02688697.2017.1329519. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28513219.


40: Gonen L, Nov E, Shimony N, Shofty B, Margalit N. Sphenoorbital meningioma:
surgical series and design of an intraoperative management algorithm. Neurosurg
Rev. 2018 Jan;41(1):291-301. doi: 10.1007/s10143-017-0855-7. Epub 2017 May 4.
PubMed PMID: 28474186.


41: Marshall AL, Setty P, Hnatiuk M, Pieper DR. Repair of Frontoethmoidal
Encephalocele in the Philippines: An Account of 30 Cases Between 2008-2013. World
Neurosurg. 2017 Jul;103:19-27. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.03.063. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
PubMed PMID: 28344182.


42: Yoo F, Kuan EC, Bergsneider M, Wang MB. Free Mucosal Graft Reconstruction of 
the Septum after Nasoseptal Flap Harvest: A Novel Technique Using a Posterior
Septal Free Mucosal Graft. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2017 Apr;78(2):201-206.
doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1597086. Epub 2016 Dec 9. PubMed PMID: 28321387; PubMed
Central PMCID: PMC5357213.


43: Yoo F, Wang MB, Bergsneider M, Suh JD. Single Layer Repair of Large Anterior 
Skull Base Defects without Vascularized Mucosal Flap. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base.
2017 Apr;78(2):139-144. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1593438. Epub 2016 Oct 18. PubMed
PMID: 28321377; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5357225.


44: Xu X, Lwin S, Ong YK. Delayed Breakdown of an Onlay Pericranial Flap
Following Endoscopic Craniofacial Resection. J Craniofac Surg. 2017
Jun;28(4):1021-1023. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000003676. PubMed PMID: 28277484.


45: Mattavelli D, Schreiber A, Ferrari M, Accorona R, Bolzoni Villaret A,
Battaglia P, Castelnuovo P, Nicolai P. Three-Layer Reconstruction with Iliotibial
Tract After Endoscopic Resection of Sinonasal Tumors. World Neurosurg. 2017
May;101:486-492. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.02.066. Epub 2017 Feb 22. PubMed PMID: 
28254539.


46: Grayson JW, Jeyarajan H, Illing EA, Cho DY, Riley KO, Woodworth BA. Changing 
the surgical dogma in frontal sinus trauma: transnasal endoscopic repair. Int
Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2017 May;7(5):441-449. doi: 10.1002/alr.21897. Epub 2017
Feb 16. PubMed PMID: 28207197.


47: Golbin DA, Lasunin NV, Cherekaev VA, Polev GA. The Pedicled Buccal Fat Pad:
Anatomical Study of the New Flap for Skull Base Defect Reconstruction After
Endoscopic Endonasal Transpterygoid Surgery. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2017
Feb;78(1):75-81. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1584895. Epub 2016 Jul 11. PubMed PMID:
28180047; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5288118.


48: Stevens SM, Crane R, Pensak ML, Samy RN. Analysis of Audiometric Outcomes
following Combined Middle Cranial Fossa/Transmastoid Approaches for Spontaneous
Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017
May;156(5):924-932. doi: 10.1177/0194599817690726. Epub 2017 Feb 7. PubMed PMID: 
28171738.


49: de Divitiis O, Di Somma A, Cavallo LM, Cappabianca P. Tips and Tricks for
Anterior Cranial Base Reconstruction. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2017;124:165-169.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-39546-3_26. PubMed PMID: 28120070.


50: Hoffmann TK, Scheithauer MO, Sommer F, Lindemann J, Haberl EJ,
Friebe-Hoffmann U, Theodoraki MN. Surgery of Anterior Skull Base Lesions in
Children. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2017 Mar;126(3):245-253. doi:
10.1177/0003489416685321. Epub 2017 Jan 16. PubMed PMID: 28092970.


51: Quick-Weller J, Koch F, Dinc N, Lescher S, Baumgarten P, Harter P, Scheerer
F, Sader R, Seifert V, Marquardt G, Freiman T. Intracranial Ameloblastoma Arising
from the Maxilla: An Interdisciplinary Surgical Approach. J Neurol Surg A Cent
Eur Neurosurg. 2017 Nov;78(6):582-587. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1594236. Epub 2016 Dec
30. PubMed PMID: 28038480.


52: Ryu J, Chung SB, Choi SK, Lee SH, Chung Y. A Technically Simple and Safe
Method for Preparing an Anterior Pericranial Flap Using Saline Injection into the
Subgaleal Space: A Technical Note. World Neurosurg. 2017 Mar;99:336-339. doi:
10.1016/j.wneu.2016.12.019. Epub 2016 Dec 18. PubMed PMID: 27993740.


53: Ramakrishnan VR, Terella AM, Poonia S, Chiu AG, Palmer JN. Osseous Repair in 
Minimally Invasive Reconstruction of Anterior Skull Base Defects. J Craniofac
Surg. 2017 Jan;28(1):36-39. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000003170. PubMed PMID:
27875509; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5218891.


54: Geyik M, Erkutlu I, Alptekin M, Gezgin I, Mizrak A, Dokur M, Gok A. Anterior 
Skull Base Defects Reconstructed Using Three-Layer Method: 78 Consecutive Cases
with Long-Term Follow-Up. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2016 Dec;77(6):499-502.
Epub 2016 May 27. PubMed PMID: 27857877; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5112171.


55: Karnezis TT, Baker AB, Soler ZM, Wise SK, Rereddy SK, Patel ZM, Oyesiku NM,
DelGaudio JM, Hadjipanayis CG, Woodworth BA, Riley KO, Lee J, Cusimano MD,
Govindaraj S, Psaltis A, Wormald PJ, Santoreneos S, Sindwani R, Trosman S,
Stokken JK, Woodard TD, Recinos PF, Vandergrift WA 3rd, Schlosser RJ. Factors
impacting cerebrospinal fluid leak rates in endoscopic sellar surgery. Int Forum 
Allergy Rhinol. 2016 Nov;6(11):1117-1125. doi: 10.1002/alr.21783. Epub 2016 Aug
23. PubMed PMID: 27552303.


56: Bassett E, Farag A, Iloreta A, Farrell C, Evans J, Rosen M, Singh A, Nyquist 
G. The extended nasoseptal flap for coverage of large cranial base defects. Int
Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2016 Nov;6(11):1113-1116. doi: 10.1002/alr.21778. Epub 2016
Aug 22. PubMed PMID: 27546484.


57: Schreiber A, Mattavelli D, Ferrari M, Rampinelli V, Lancini D, Belotti F,
Rodella LF, Nicolai P. The turbinal flap: an additional option for anterior skull
base reconstruction. Cadaveric feasibility study and case report. Int Forum
Allergy Rhinol. 2017 Feb;7(2):199-204. doi: 10.1002/alr.21857. Epub 2016 Sep 21. 
PubMed PMID: 27650322.


58: Dzhindzhikhadze RS, Dreval' ON, Lazarev VA, Kambiev RL. [Mini-orbitozygomatic
craniotomy in surgery for supratentorial aneurysms and tumors of the anterior and
middle cranial fossae]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko. 2016;80(4):40-47. doi:
10.17116/neiro201680440-47. English, Russian. PubMed PMID: 27500773.


59: Piski Z, Büki A, Nepp N, Burián A, Révész P, Gerlinger I. [CLOSURE OF
NASOCRANIAL FISTULAS WITH "BATH-PLUG" TECHNIQUE AND MULTILAYER RECONSTRUCTION].
Ideggyogy Sz. 2016 Mar 30;69(5-6):211-6. Hungarian. PubMed PMID: 27468611.


60: Thomas R, Chacko AG. Principles in Skull Base Reconstruction following
Expanded Endoscopic Approaches. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2016
Aug;77(4):358-63. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1579543. Epub 2016 Feb 26. PubMed PMID:
27441162; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4949070.


61: Diaz O, Rangel-Castilla L. Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. 
Handb Clin Neurol. 2016;136:1303-9. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53486-6.00067-3.
Review. PubMed PMID: 27430470.


62: Ji W, Tong J, Huang Z, Zheng M, Wu X, Chen J, Zhu Q. Stabilization of the
Craniovertebral Junction with Clivus Plate Constructs: Biomechanical Comparison
with Conventional Technique. World Neurosurg. 2016 Oct;94:42-49. doi:
10.1016/j.wneu.2016.06.104. Epub 2016 Jun 30. PubMed PMID: 27373937.


63: Liu H, Zhang M, Wang X, Qu Y, Zhang H, Yu C. Primary intracranial
neuroendocrine tumor with ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome: A rare
and complicated case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol. 2016
Jul;5(1):99-102. Epub 2016 May 11. PubMed PMID: 27330775; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC4906931.


64: Amin SM, Fawzy TO, Hegazy AA. Composite Vascular Pedicled Middle Turbinate
Flap for Reconstruction of Sellar Defects. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016
Sep;125(9):770-4. doi: 10.1177/0003489416654709. Epub 2016 Jun 19. PubMed PMID:
27323957.


65: Heo YH, Yagi S, Toriyama K, Takanari K, Fujimoto Y, Nishio N, Fujii M, Saito 
K, Takahashi M, Kamei Y. Relationship between BMI and Postoperative Complications
with Free Flap in Anterolateral Craniofacial Reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 
Glob Open. 2016 Mar 8;4(3):e636. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000000645. eCollection
2016 Mar. PubMed PMID: 27257566; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4874280.


66: Liu H, Wang H, Qi X, Yu C. Primary intracranial neuroendocrine tumor: two
case reports. World J Surg Oncol. 2016 Apr 30;14:138. doi:
10.1186/s12957-016-0887-4. PubMed PMID: 27138163; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC4852410.


67: Klosterman T, Tatum S. Modified Facial Translocation Approach in a One-Month 
Old With a Skullbase Tumor. J Craniofac Surg. 2016 May;27(3):718-20. doi:
10.1097/SCS.0000000000002586. PubMed PMID: 27092923.


68: Deng YF, Lei BX, Zheng MG, Zheng YQ, Chen WL, Lan YQ. A simple classification
of cranial-nasal-orbital communicating tumors that facilitate choice of surgical 
approaches: analysis of a series of 32 cases. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016
Aug;273(8):2239-48. doi: 10.1007/s00405-016-4003-8. Epub 2016 Mar 26. PubMed
PMID: 27016919; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4930795.


69: Nix P, Tyagi A, Phillips N. Retrospective analysis of anterior skull base CSF
leaks and endoscopic repairs at Leeds. Br J Neurosurg. 2016 Aug;30(4):422-6. doi:
10.3109/02688697.2016.1161176. Epub 2016 Mar 23. PubMed PMID: 27008345.


70: Wei G, Wang Z, Ai F, Yin Q, Wu Z, Ma XY, Xu J, Shi C, Xia H. Treatment of
Basilar Invagination With Klippel-Feil Syndrome: Atlantoaxial Joint Distraction
and Fixation With Transoral Atlantoaxial Reduction Plate. Neurosurgery. 2016
Apr;78(4):492-8. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000001094. PubMed PMID: 26990409.


71: Sakata K, Maeda A, Rikimaru H, Ono T, Koga N, Takeshige N, Tokutomi T, Umeno 
H, Kiyokawa K, Morioka M. Advantage of Extended Craniofacial Resection for
Advanced Malignant Tumors of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses: Long-Term
Outcome and Surgical Management. World Neurosurg. 2016 May;89:240-54. doi:
10.1016/j.wneu.2016.02.019. Epub 2016 Feb 12. PubMed PMID: 26875653.


72: Pereira MC, Peris-Celda M, Qian J, Kenning TJ, Pinheiro-Neto CD. Unilateral
Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery for Resection of an Olfactory Schwannoma of the
Anterior Cranial Base in a Patient with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia.
World Neurosurg. 2016 May;89:729.e15-20. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.01.050. Epub
2016 Feb 4. PubMed PMID: 26836699.


73: Protzenko Cervante T, Arnaud E, Brunelle F, Di Rocco F. Unilateral coronal
synostosis: can we trust the sagittal suture as a landmark for the underlying
superior sagittal sinus? J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016 May;17(5):589-94. doi:
10.3171/2015.8.PEDS15117. Epub 2016 Jan 8. PubMed PMID: 26745648.


74: Zuniga MG, Turner JH, Chandra RK. Updates in anterior skull base
reconstruction. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Feb;24(1):75-82. doi: 
10.1097/MOO.0000000000000223. Review. PubMed PMID: 26735312.


75: Van Zele T, Dewaele F. Traumatic CSF leaks of the anterior skull base. B-ENT.
2016;Suppl 26(2):19-27. Review. PubMed PMID: 29558573.


76: Shimizu S, Osawa S, Sekiguchi T, Mochizuki T, Oka H, Kumabe T. Modified
One-piece Supraorbital Approach for Orbital Tumors: Widely Preserved Orbital Roof
in a Self-fitting Flap. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2015 Dec;76(6):459-63. doi:
10.1055/s-0035-1554903. Epub 2015 Jun 15. PubMed PMID: 26682124; PubMed Central
PMCID: PMC4671908.


77: Farzal Z, Lemos-Rodriguez AM, Rawal RB, Overton LJ, Sreenath SB, Patel MR,
Zanation AM. The Reverse-Flow Facial Artery Buccinator Flap for Skull Base
Reconstruction: Key Anatomical and Technical Considerations. J Neurol Surg B
Skull Base. 2015 Dec;76(6):432-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1551669. Epub 2015 Jun 1.
PubMed PMID: 26682122; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4671905.


78: Tamura R, Toda M, Kohno M, Watanabe Y, Ozawa H, Tomita T, Ogawa K, Yoshida K.
Vascularized middle turbinate flap for the endoscopic endonasal reconstruction of
the anterior olfactory groove. Neurosurg Rev. 2016 Apr;39(2):297-302; discussion 
302. doi: 10.1007/s10143-015-0688-1. Epub 2015 Dec 17. PubMed PMID: 26681333.


79: Pagella F, Pusateri A, Matti E, Zoia C, Benazzo M, Gaetani P, Cazzador D,
Volo T, Borsetto D, Emanuelli E. Endoscopic Management of Spontaneous Clival
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks: Case Series and Literature Review. World Neurosurg.
2016 Feb;86:470-7. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.11.026. Epub 2015 Nov 25. Review.
PubMed PMID: 26626813.


80: Kim YS, Moon KS, Kim GW, Lim SC, Lee KH, Jang WY, Jung TY, Kim IY, Jung S.
Role of Craniofacial Resection for Malignant Tumors Involving the Anterior Skull 
Base: Surgical Experience in a Single Institution. Brain Tumor Res Treat. 2015
Oct;3(2):81-8. doi: 10.14791/btrt.2015.3.2.81. Epub 2015 Oct 30. PubMed PMID:
26605262; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4656900.


81: Takeuchi K, Nagatani T, Wakabayashi T. How I do it: shoelace watertight dural
closure in extended transsphenoidal surgery. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2015
Dec;157(12):2089-92. doi: 10.1007/s00701-015-2612-4. Epub 2015 Oct 19. PubMed
PMID: 26477503.


82: Archer JB, Sun H, Bonney PA, Zhao YD, Hiebert JC, Sanclement JA, Little AS,
Sughrue ME, Theodore N, James J, Safavi-Abbasi S. Extensive traumatic anterior
skull base fractures with cerebrospinal fluid leak: classification and repair
techniques using combined vascularized tissue flaps. J Neurosurg. 2016
Mar;124(3):647-56. doi: 10.3171/2015.4.JNS1528. Epub 2015 Oct 16. PubMed PMID:
26473788.


83: Mishra S, Srivastava AK, Kumar H, Sharma BS. Reshaping the zygomatic complex:
A "small step" in frontotemporal craniotomy and a "big leap" in exposure. Neurol 
India. 2015 Sep-Oct;63(5):723-6. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.166540. PubMed PMID:
26448232.


84: Walsh E, Illing E, Riley KO, Cure J, Srubiski A, Harvey RJ, Woodworth BA.
Inaccurate Assessments of Anterior Cranial Base Malignancy Following Nasoseptal
Flap Reconstruction. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2015 Sep;76(5):385-9. doi:
10.1055/s-0035-1551668. Epub 2015 May 15. PubMed PMID: 26401481; PubMed Central
PMCID: PMC4569500.


85: Tanriover N, Kucukyuruk B, Erdi F, Kafadar AM, Gazioğlu N. Endoscopic
Endonasal Transethmoidal Approach for the Management of a Traumatic Brain Abscess
and Reconstruction of the Accompanying Anterior Skull Base Defect. J Craniofac
Surg. 2015 Sep;26(6):1957-9. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000002015. PubMed PMID:
26335317.


86: Gump WC. Endoscopic Endonasal Repair of Congenital Defects of the Anterior
Skull Base: Developmental Considerations and Surgical Outcomes. J Neurol Surg B
Skull Base. 2015 Aug;76(4):291-5. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1544120. Epub 2015 Jan 21. 
PubMed PMID: 26225319; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4516753.


87: Wu P, Li Z, Liu C, Ouyang J, Zhong S. The posterior pedicled inferior
turbinate-nasoseptal flap: a potential combined flap for skull base
reconstruction. Surg Radiol Anat. 2016 Mar;38(2):187-94. doi:
10.1007/s00276-015-1516-6. Epub 2015 Jul 12. PubMed PMID: 26163826.


88: Liu JK. Direct suction decompression and fenestrated clip reconstruction of
complex paraclinoid carotid artery aneurysm: operative video and nuances of skull
base technique. Neurosurg Focus. 2015 Jul;39 Video Suppl 1:V4. doi:
10.3171/2015.7.FocusVid.14573. PubMed PMID: 26132621.


89: Zubovic E, Woo AS, Skolnick GB, Naidoo SD, Smyth MD, Patel KB. Cranial Base
and Posterior Cranial Vault Asymmetry After Open and Endoscopic Repair of
Isolated Lambdoid Craniosynostosis. J Craniofac Surg. 2015 Jul;26(5):1568-73.
doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000001891. PubMed PMID: 26114505; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC4500679.


90: Battaglia P, Turri-Zanoni M, Castelnuovo P, Prevedello DM, Carrau RL. Brain
Herniation After Endoscopic Transnasal Resection of Anterior Skull Base
Malignancies. Neurosurgery. 2015 Sep;11 Suppl 3:457-62; discussion 462. doi:
10.1227/NEU.0000000000000859. PubMed PMID: 26110997.


91: Zeiler FA, Kaufmann AM. Vascularized rotational temporal bone flap for repair
of anterior skull base defects: a novel operative technique. J Neurosurg. 2015
Nov;123(5):1312-5. doi: 10.3171/2014.11.JNS141979. Epub 2015 May 8. PubMed PMID: 
25955877.


92: Balseris S, Strazdas G, Ročka S, Jakštas T. Endoscopic endonasal approach of 
congenital meningoencephalocele surgery: first reported case in lithuania. Case
Rep Otolaryngol. 2015;2015:728561. doi: 10.1155/2015/728561. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
PubMed PMID: 25874148; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4383246.


93: Hosemann W, Schroeder HW. [Comprehensive review on rhino-neurosurgery].
Laryngorhinootologie. 2015 Mar;94 Suppl 1:S153-205. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1395669. 
Epub 2015 Apr 10. Review. German. PubMed PMID: 25860489.


94: Reinard K, Basheer A, Jones L, Standring R, Lee I, Rock J. Surgical technique
for repair of complex anterior skull base defects. Surg Neurol Int. 2015 Feb
11;6:20. doi: 10.4103/2152-7806.151259. eCollection 2015. PubMed PMID: 25722926; 
PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4338489.


95: Tajudeen BA, Mundi J, Suh JD, Bergsneider M, Wang MB. Endoscopic endonasal
surgery for recurrent pituitary tumors: technical challenges to the surgical
approach. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2015 Feb;76(1):50-6. doi:
10.1055/s-0034-1383856. Epub 2014 Sep 13. PubMed PMID: 25685650; PubMed Central
PMCID: PMC4318731.


96: Reddy S, Kumar A, Allugolu R, Uppin M, Ramgopal K. Sino-nasal T-cell lymphoma
invading the brain: A case study. Asian J Neurosurg. 2014 Oct-Dec;9(4):235. doi: 
10.4103/1793-5482.146626. PubMed PMID: 25685223; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC4323970.


97: Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhao X, Zhang J. Primary sphenoid sinus meningioma resection 
via transnasal transsphenoid approach: a case report. J Int Med Res. 2015
Apr;43(2):270-5. doi: 10.1177/0300060514559792. Epub 2015 Feb 13. PubMed PMID:
25681214.


98: Takeuchi S, Tanikawa R, Katsuno M, Tsuboi T, Noda K, Oda J, Miyata S, Ota N, 
Kamiyama H. An Effective Method of Frontal Sinus Reconstruction After Bifrontal
Craniotomy: Experience with 103 Patients. World Neurosurg. 2015 Jun;83(6):907-11.
doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.01.030. Epub 2015 Feb 7. PubMed PMID: 25659805.


99: Xie Q, Wang DJ, Sun L, Mao Y, Zhong P, Zheng MZ, Tang HL, Zhu HD, Chen XC,
Zhou LF, Gong Y. Minimal invasive trans-eyelid approach to anterior and middle
skull base meningioma: a preliminary study of Shanghai Huashan hospital. Int J
Clin Exp Med. 2014 Nov 15;7(11):3974-82. eCollection 2014. PubMed PMID: 25550905;
PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4276163.


100: Castelnuovo P, Battaglia P, Turri-Zanoni M, Tomei G, Locatelli D, Bignami M,
Villaret AB, Nicolai P. Endoscopic endonasal surgery for malignancies of the
anterior cranial base. World Neurosurg. 2014 Dec;82(6 Suppl):S22-31. doi:
10.1016/j.wneu.2014.07.021. PubMed PMID: 25496631.


101: König SA, Ranguis S, Gramlich V, Spetzger U. Reconstruction of the anterior 
skull base after major trauma or extensive tumour resection. Acta Neurochir
(Wien). 2015 Jan;157(1):139-44. doi: 10.1007/s00701-014-2273-8. Epub 2014 Dec 2. 
PubMed PMID: 25435393.


102: Sindou M, Nebbal M, Guclu B. Cavernous sinus meningiomas: imaging and
surgical strategy. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg. 2015;42:103-21. doi:
10.1007/978-3-319-09066-5_6. Review. PubMed PMID: 25411147.


103: Rosen MR, Rabinowitz MR, Farrell CJ, Schaberg MR, Evans JJ. Septal
transposition: a novel technique for preservation of the nasal septum during
endoscopic endonasal resection of olfactory groove meningiomas. Neurosurg Focus. 
2014;37(4):E6. doi: 10.3171/2014.7.FOCUS14308. PubMed PMID: 25270146.


104: Effendi ST, Rao VY, Momin EN, Cruz-Navarro J, Duckworth EA. The 1-piece
transbasal approach: operative technique and anatomical study. J Neurosurg. 2014 
Dec;121(6):1446-52. doi: 10.3171/2014.8.JNS132609. Epub 2014 Sep 26. PubMed PMID:
25259570.


105: Tomio R, Toda M, Tomita T, Yazawa M, Kono M, Ogawa K, Yoshida K. Primary
dural closure and anterior cranial base reconstruction using pericranial and
nasoseptal multi-layered flaps in endoscopic-assisted skull base surgery. Acta
Neurochir (Wien). 2014 Oct;156(10):1911-5. doi: 10.1007/s00701-014-2174-x. Epub
2014 Jul 5. PubMed PMID: 24996809.


106: Yıldırım AE, Dıvanlıoglu D, Cetinalp NE, Belen AD. Endoscopic endonasal
repair of spontaneous sphenoid sinus lateral wall meningocele presenting with
cerebrospinal fluid leak. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2014 Apr;5(2):168-70. doi:
10.4103/0976-3147.131668. PubMed PMID: 24966559; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC4064186.


107: Gruss CL, Al Komser M, Aghi MK, Pletcher SD, Goldberg AN, McDermott M,
El-Sayed IH. Risk factors for cerebrospinal leak after endoscopic skull base
reconstruction with nasoseptal flap. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014
Sep;151(3):516-21. doi: 10.1177/0194599814536688. Epub 2014 Jun 4. PubMed PMID:
24898075.


108: Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Rioja E, Enseñat J, Enriquez K, Viscovich L,
Agredo-Lemos FE, Alobid I. Management of anterior skull base defect depending on 
its size and location. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:346873. doi:
10.1155/2014/346873. Epub 2014 May 7. PubMed PMID: 24895567; PubMed Central
PMCID: PMC4033343.


109: Cavallo LM, Frank G, Cappabianca P, Solari D, Mazzatenta D, Villa A, Zoli M,
D'Enza AI, Esposito F, Pasquini E. The endoscopic endonasal approach for the
management of craniopharyngiomas: a series of 103 patients. J Neurosurg. 2014
Jul;121(1):100-13. doi: 10.3171/2014.3.JNS131521. Epub 2014 May 2. PubMed PMID:
24785324.


110: Choudhri O, Mindea SA, Feroze A, Soudry E, Chang SD, Nayak JV. Experience
with intraoperative navigation and imaging during endoscopic transnasal spinal
approaches to the foramen magnum and odontoid. Neurosurg Focus. 2014
Mar;36(3):E4. doi: 10.3171/2014.1.FOCUS13533. PubMed PMID: 24580005.


111: Rajappa P, Krass J, Parakh S, Spinelli HM, Greenfield JP. An aesthetic
approach to the anterior cranial fossa: the endoscopic transadnexal transorbital 
roof method. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2014 Apr;38(2):399-403. doi:
10.1007/s00266-014-0284-8. Epub 2014 Feb 25. PubMed PMID: 24567044.


112: Salem KM, Visser J, Quraishi NA. Trans-oral approach for the management of a
C2 neuroblastoma. Eur Spine J. 2015 Jan;24(1):170-6. doi:
10.1007/s00586-014-3216-z. Epub 2014 Feb 19. PubMed PMID: 24549386.


113: Fraioli MF, Umana GE, Fiorucci G, Fraioli C. Ethmoidal encephalocele
associated with cerebrospinal fluid fistula: indications and results of
mini-invasive transnasal approach. J Craniofac Surg. 2014 Mar;25(2):551-3. doi:
10.1097/01.scs.0000436738.44795.8f. PubMed PMID: 24514886.


114: Llorente JL, Lopez F, Camporro D, Fueyo A, Rial JC, de Leon RF, Suarez C.
Outcomes following Microvascular Free Tissue Transfer in Reconstructing Skull
Base Defects. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2013 Oct;74(5):324-30. doi:
10.1055/s-0033-1353364. Epub 2013 Aug 14. PubMed PMID: 24436932; PubMed Central
PMCID: PMC3774821.


115: Wessell A, Singh A, Litvack Z. One-piece modified gasket seal technique. J
Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2013 Oct;74(5):305-10. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1348952.
Epub 2013 Jun 13. PubMed PMID: 24436929; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3774830.


116: Sanchez Burgos R, González Martín-Moro J, Arias Gallo J, Carceller Benito F,
Burgueño García M. Giant osteoma of the ethmoid sinus with orbital extension:
craniofacial approach and orbital reconstruction. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital.
2013 Dec;33(6):431-4. Review. PubMed PMID: 24376302; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC3870443.


117: Martínez-Capoccioni G, Serramito-García R, Cabanas-Rodríguez E, García-Allut
A, Martín-Martín C. Tension pneumocephalus as a result of endonasal surgery: an
uncommon intracranial complication. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014
May;271(5):1043-9. doi: 10.1007/s00405-013-2650-6. Epub 2013 Aug 3. PubMed PMID: 
23912603.


118: Skorek A, Liczbik W, Stankiewicz C, Kloc W, Plichta Ł. Personal experience
in transnasal endoscopic resection of the olfactory groove meningiomas. What can 
an otolaryngologist offer to a neurosurgeon? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014
May;271(5):1037-41. doi: 10.1007/s00405-013-2645-3. Epub 2013 Aug 2. PubMed PMID:
23907369; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3978380.


119: Thakker JS, Fernandes R. Evaluation of reconstructive techniques for
anterior and middle skull base defects following tumor ablation. J Oral
Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Jan;72(1):198-204. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.05.017. Epub
2013 Jul 11. PubMed PMID: 23850039.


120: Oyoshi T, Fujio S, Bohara M, Hanaya R, Tokimura H, Arita K. The assessment
of relationship between the skull base development and the severity of frontal
plagiocephaly after bilateral fronto-orbital advancement in the early life.
Childs Nerv Syst. 2014 Jan;30(1):155-9. doi: 10.1007/s00381-013-2182-9. Epub 2013
Jun 7. PubMed PMID: 23743819.


121: Manjila S, Zender CA, Weaver J, Rodgers M, Cohen AR. Aneurysmal bone cyst
within fibrous dysplasia of the anterior skull base: continued intracranial
extension after endoscopic resections requiring craniofacial approach with free
tissue transfer reconstruction. Childs Nerv Syst. 2013 Jul;29(7):1183-92. doi:
10.1007/s00381-013-2034-7. Epub 2013 Feb 26. PubMed PMID: 23435492.


122: Jimbo H, Muto J, Masubuchi T, Miura K, Kamata S, Ikeda Y. Efficacy of a new 
instrument for dural defect repair in anterior skull base reconstruction: a
technical note. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2013 Apr;155(4):733-6. doi:
10.1007/s00701-013-1630-3. Epub 2013 Feb 13. PubMed PMID: 23404431.


123: Givi B, Liu J, Bilsky M, Mehrara B, Disa J, Pusic A, Cordeiro P, Shah JP,
Kraus DH. Outcome of resection of infratemporal fossa tumors. Head Neck. 2013
Nov;35(11):1567-72. doi: 10.1002/hed.23186. Epub 2013 Jan 16. PubMed PMID:
23322409.


124: Jalisi S, O'Gara B, Toshkezi G, Chin L. Local vascularized flap
reconstruction of the skull base—clinical outcomes and analysis. World Neurosurg.
2015 Jan;83(1):87-92. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.11.073. Epub 2012 Nov 29. PubMed
PMID: 23202580.


125: Marcus J, Laufer I, Mehrara B, Kraus D, Singh B, Bilsky MH. Anterior and
anterolateral resection for skull base malignancies: techniques and complication 
avoidance. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2013 Jan;24(1):11-8. doi:
10.1016/j.nec.2012.08.008. Review. PubMed PMID: 23174354.


126: Mura J, Riquelme F, Cuevas JL, Luna F, Vizhñay P. Simplified azygos anterior
cerebral bypass: y-shaped superficial temporal artery interposition graft from A2
with double reimplantation of pericallosal arteries: technical case report.
Neurosurgery. 2013 Jun;72(2 Suppl Operative):onsE235-40; discussion ons240. doi: 
10.1227/NEU.0b013e31827bc7c1. PubMed PMID: 23149964.


127: Biron VL, Gross M, Broad R, Seikaly H, Wright ED. Radial forearm free flap
with titanium mesh sandwich reconstruction in complex anterior skull base
defects. J Craniofac Surg. 2012 Nov;23(6):1763-5. doi:
10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182653f29. PubMed PMID: 23147308.


128: Lee JY, Barroeta JE, Newman JG, Chiu AG, Venneti S, Grady MS. Endoscopic
endonasal resection of anterior skull base meningiomas and mucosa: implications
for resection, reconstruction, and recurrence. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur
Neurosurg. 2013 Jan;74(1):12-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1322594. Epub 2012 Oct 26.
PubMed PMID: 23104591.


129: Boari N, Gagliardi F, Roberti F, Barzaghi LR, Caputy AJ, Mortini P. The
trans-frontal-sinus subcranial approach for removal of large olfactory groove
meningiomas: surgical technique and comparison to other approaches. J Neurol Surg
A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2013 May;74(3):152-61. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1325630. Epub
2012 Oct 1. PubMed PMID: 23027435.


130: McCoul ED, Anand VK, Singh A, Nyquist GG, Schaberg MR, Schwartz TH.
Long-term effectiveness of a reconstructive protocol using the nasoseptal flap
after endoscopic skull base surgery. World Neurosurg. 2014 Jan;81(1):136-43. doi:
10.1016/j.wneu.2012.08.011. Epub 2012 Sep 25. PubMed PMID: 23022644.


131: Zhang M, Ma L, Sun W, Zhang H, Yu C. The role of the superior turbinate flap
in skull base reconstruction. J Clin Neurosci. 2012 Nov;19(11):1602-4. doi:
10.1016/j.jocn.2012.03.015. Epub 2012 Sep 5. PubMed PMID: 22959446.


132: Eloy JA, Kalyoussef E, Choudhry OJ, Baredes S, Gandhi CD, Govindaraj S, Liu 
JK. Salvage endoscopic nasoseptal flap repair of persistent cerebrospinal fluid
leak after open skull base surgery. Am J Otolaryngol. 2012 Nov-Dec;33(6):735-40. 
doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2012.07.005. Epub 2012 Aug 22. PubMed PMID: 22921244.


133: Di Rocco C, Frassanito P, Tamburrini G. The shell technique: bilateral
fronto-orbital reshaping in trigonocephaly. Childs Nerv Syst. 2013
Dec;29(12):2189-94. doi: 10.1007/s00381-012-1766-0. Epub 2012 Aug 23. PubMed
PMID: 22914920.


134: Jiang Y, Liu J, Fan X, Cai B. [Skull base reconstruction and peroperative
treatment for cranio-orbital tumors]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi.
2012 May;26(5):567-70. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 22702051.


135: Khetani JD, Micomonaco DC, Wright ED. How we do it: mini posterior septal
artery flap for coverage after transphenoidal approaches. Rhinology. 2012
Jun;50(2):218-20. doi: 10.4193/Rhino11.157. PubMed PMID: 22616085.


136: Oostra A, van Furth W, Georgalas C. Extended endoscopic endonasal skull base
surgery: from the sella to the anterior and posterior cranial fossa. ANZ J Surg. 
2012 Mar;82(3):122-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2011.05971.x. Epub 2012 Jan 17.
Review. PubMed PMID: 22510120.


137: Samadian M, Moghaddasi H, Vazirnezami M, Haddadian K, Rezaee O, Armanfar M, 
Khormaee F. Transcranial approach for spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea due to
Sternberg's canal intrasphenoidal meningoencephalocele: case report and review of
the literature. Turk Neurosurg. 2012;22(2):242-5. doi:
10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.2902-10.1. Review. PubMed PMID: 22437302.


138: Lesavoy MA, Lee GK, Fan K, Dickinson B. Split, temporalis muscle flap for
repair of recalcitrant cerebrospinal fluid leaks of the anterior cranial fossa. J
Craniofac Surg. 2012 Mar;23(2):539-42. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182418f18. PubMed 
PMID: 22421850.


139: Blount A, Riley K, Cure J, Woodworth BA. Cerebrospinal fluid volume
replacement following large endoscopic anterior cranial base resection. Int Forum
Allergy Rhinol. 2012 May-Jun;2(3):217-21. doi: 10.1002/alr.21025. Epub 2012 Mar
5. PubMed PMID: 22392636.


140: Van Zele T, Bachert C. Endoscopic skull base reconstruction after endoscopic
endonasal approach. B-ENT. 2011;7 Suppl 17:41-6. PubMed PMID: 22338374.


141: Cherekaev VA, Golbin DA, Belov AI. Translocated pedicled buccal fat pad:
closure of anterior and middle skull base defects after tumor resection. J
Craniofac Surg. 2012 Jan;23(1):98-104. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e318240fae9. PubMed 
PMID: 22337383.


142: Moskała M, Polak J, Grzywna E, Składzień T. [The modern approach in surgical
treatment of skull base tumors in experience of neurotraumatology Department,
Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum from years 2003-2006]. Przegl Lek.
2011;68(9):597-601. Polish. PubMed PMID: 22335008.


143: Liu JK, Eloy JA. Modified one-piece extended transbasal approach for
resection of giant anterior skull base sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma. J
Neurosurg. 2012 Jan;32 Suppl:E4. PubMed PMID: 22251252.


144: Liu JK, Eloy JA. Expanded endoscopic endonasal transcribriform approach for 
resection of anterior skull base olfactory schwannoma. J Neurosurg. 2012 Jan;32
Suppl:E3. PubMed PMID: 22251251.


145: de Notaris M, Solari D, Cavallo LM, D'Enza AI, Enseñat J, Berenguer J,
Ferrer E, Prats-Galino A, Cappabianca P. The "suprasellar notch," or the
tuberculum sellae as seen from below: definition, features, and clinical
implications from an endoscopic endonasal perspective. J Neurosurg. 2012
Mar;116(3):622-9. doi: 10.3171/2011.11.JNS111162. Epub 2011 Dec 23. PubMed PMID: 
22196097.


146: Walcott BP, Nahed BV, Kahle KT, Sekhar LN, Ferreira MJ. Cerebrovascular
bypass and aneurysm trapping for the treatment of an A2-segment anterior cerebral
artery pseudoaneurysm and herniation through a skull base defect following
trauma. J Clin Neurosci. 2012 Jan;19(1):149-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.05.017. 
Epub 2011 Nov 2. PubMed PMID: 22051032.


147: Eolchiian SA, Potapov AA, Serova NK, Kataev MG, Sergeeva LA, Zakharova NE,
Van Damm P. [Reconstructive surgery of cranio-orbital injuries]. Zh Vopr
Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko. 2011;75(2):25-39; discussion 40. Russian. PubMed PMID:
21793294.


148: Pelo S, Tamburrini G, Marianetti TM, Saponaro G, Moro A, Gasparini G, Di
Rocco C. Correlations between the abnormal development of the skull base and
facial skeleton growth in anterior synostotic plagiocephaly: the predictive value
of a classification based on CT scan examination. Childs Nerv Syst. 2011
Sep;27(9):1431-43. doi: 10.1007/s00381-011-1514-x. Epub 2011 Jul 1. PubMed PMID: 
21720819.


149: Largo RD, Schaefer DJ, Krueger J, Harschnitz O, Zimmerer S, Jaquiéry C, Haug
MD, Mariani L, Kunz C. Intracranial application of free fasciocutaneous flaps in 
a novel sandwich technique for skull base reconstruction. Int J Oral Maxillofac
Surg. 2011 Sep;40(9):931-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2011.05.013. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
PubMed PMID: 21680151.


150: Yang Z, Yuan X, Wu J, Yuan D, Liu Q, Jiang X. [The prevention cerebrospinal 
fluid leakage during operating anterior skull base meningioma involving paranasal
sinuses]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2011 Mar;25(5):210-2.
Chinese. PubMed PMID: 21604465.


151: González-Darder JM, Pesudo-Martínez JV, Bordes-García V, Quilis-Quesada V,
Talamantes-Escrivá F, González-López P, Masbout-Kayal G. [Olfactory groove
meningiomas. Radical microsurgical treatment through the bifrontal approach].
Neurocirugia (Astur). 2011 Apr;22(2):133-9. Spanish. PubMed PMID: 21597654.


152: Liang RS, Zhou LF, Mao Y, Zhang R, Yang WZ. [Microsurgical removal of
olfactory groove meningiomas]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2011 Jan;33(1):70-5.
Chinese. PubMed PMID: 21575470.


153: Wagenmann M, Schipper J. [The transnasal approach to the skull base. From
sinus surgery to skull base surgery]. Laryngorhinootologie. 2011 Mar;90 Suppl
1:S1-15. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1270443. Epub 2011 Apr 26. Review. German. PubMed
PMID: 21523628.


154: Liu JK, Christiano LD, Patel SK, Tubbs RS, Eloy JA. Surgical nuances for
removal of olfactory groove meningiomas using the endoscopic endonasal
transcribriform approach. Neurosurg Focus. 2011 May;30(5):E3. doi:
10.3171/2011.2.FOCUS116. PubMed PMID: 21529174.


155: Yang J, Wu X, Liu JX, Lin RS, Li ZQ, Ma SC, Qi JF, Cun EH, Yu CJ.
[Microanatomic and three-dimensional reconstruction study of lateral wall and
related structures of optic canal]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2011 Feb
1;91(5):322-6. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 21419007.


156: Cherekaev VA, Gol'bin DA, Belov AI, Borodin VV. [Closure of anterior and
middle skull base defects using pedicled buccal fad pad flap]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir 
Im N N Burdenko. 2010 Oct-Dec;(4):3-9; discussion 9-10. Russian. PubMed PMID:
21381231.


157: Mori K, Yamamoto T, Nakao Y, Esaki T. Surgical Simulation of Extradural
Anterior Clinoidectomy through the Trans-superior Orbital Fissure Approach Using 
a Dissectable Three-dimensional Skull Base Model with Artificial Cavernous Sinus.
Skull Base. 2010 Jul;20(4):229-36. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1247632. PubMed PMID:
21311615; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3023323.


158: Moe KS, Kim LJ, Bergeron CM. Transorbital endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal
fluid leaks. Laryngoscope. 2011 Jan;121(1):13-30. doi: 10.1002/lary.21280. PubMed
PMID: 21181981.


159: Zubillaga-Rodríguez I, Falguera-Uceda MI, Sánchez-Aniceto G, Montalvo-Moreno
JJ, Díez-Lobato R. [Subcranial approach. Technical aspects and application in
craneofacial traumatic pathology]. Neurocirugia (Astur). 2010 Dec;21(6):467-77.
Spanish. PubMed PMID: 21165544.


160: Albert L Jr, DeMattia JA. Cocaine-induced encephalocele: case report and
literature review. Neurosurgery. 2011 Jan;68(1):E263-6. doi:
10.1227/NEU.0b013e3181fead2e. Review. PubMed PMID: 21150742.


161: Muscatello L, Dallan I, Seccia V, Marchetti M, Sellari-Franceschini S, Lenzi
R. Endoscopic endonasal craniotomy in the management of selected ethmoidal
malignancies: the University of Pisa experience. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2011
Dec;39(8):619-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2010.10.017. Epub 2010 Nov 26. PubMed PMID:
21112216.


162: Field M, Spector B, Lehman J. Evolution of endoscopic endonasal surgery of
the skull base and paranasal sinuses. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am.
2010 Sep;18(2):161-79. doi: 10.1016/j.cxom.2010.06.001. Review. PubMed PMID:
21036317.


163: Elbabaa SK, Al-Mefty O. Craniofacial approach for anterior skull-base
lesions. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2010 Sep;18(2):151-60. doi:
10.1016/j.cxom.2010.08.007. Review. PubMed PMID: 21036316.


164: Gregoire C, Adler D, Madey S, Bell RB. Basosquamous carcinoma involving the 
anterior skull base: a neglected tumor treated using intraoperative navigation as
a guide to achieve safe resection margins. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011
Jan;69(1):230-6. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2010.06.206. Epub 2010 Oct 27. PubMed PMID: 
21030128.


165: Oshino S, Saitoh Y, Yoshimine T. Withstand pressure of a simple fibrin glue 
sealant: experimental study of mimicked sellar reconstruction in extended
transsphenoidal surgery. World Neurosurg. 2010 Jun;73(6):701-4. doi:
10.1016/j.wneu.2010.04.001. PubMed PMID: 20934160.


166: Cappabianca P, Solari D. Skull base osteo-dural repair: the Achilles' heel
of the extended transsphenoidal skull base approaches. World Neurosurg. 2010
Jun;73(6):627-9. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2010.05.032. PubMed PMID: 20934142.


167: Makin V, Hatipoglu B, Hamrahian AH, Arrossi AV, Knott PD, Lee JH, Sade B.
Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea as the initial presentation of growth 
hormone-secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumor. Am J Otolaryngol. 2011 Sep-Oct;32(5):433-7. 
doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2010.07.012. Epub 2010 Oct 2. PubMed PMID: 20888068.


168: Lotfy M, Xu R, McGirt M, Sakr S, Ayoub B, Bydon A. Reconstruction of skull
base defects in sphenoid wing dysplasia associated with neurofibromatosis I with 
titanium mesh. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2010 Dec;112(10):909-14. doi:
10.1016/j.clineuro.2010.07.007. Epub 2010 Aug 11. PubMed PMID: 20702031.


169: Moe KS, Bergeron CM, Ellenbogen RG. Transorbital neuroendoscopic surgery.
Neurosurgery. 2010 Sep;67(3 Suppl Operative):ons16-28. doi:
10.1227/01.NEU.0000373431.08464.43. PubMed PMID: 20679952.


170: Clark DW, Citardi MJ, Fakhri S. Endoscopic management of skull base defects 
associated with persistent pneumocephalus following previous open repair: a
preliminary report. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Jun;142(6):820-6. doi:
10.1016/j.otohns.2009.12.041. Epub 2010 Apr 9. PubMed PMID: 20493352.


171: Abuzayed B, Tanriover N, Gazioglu N, Sanus GZ, Ozlen F, Biceroglu H, Kafadar
AM, Eraslan BS, Akar Z. Endoscopic endonasal anatomy and approaches to the
anterior skull base: a neurosurgeon's viewpoint. J Craniofac Surg. 2010
Mar;21(2):529-37. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181d02420. PubMed PMID: 20489457.


172: Shigeno T, Kumai J, Horikawa H, Naemura K, Aihara K, Ishikawa O, Nishido H, 
Sakamoto M, Oya S, Endo M. [Extradural en bloc removal and in situ replacement of
the anterior clinoid process]. No Shinkei Geka. 2010 Apr;38(4):329-34. Japanese. 
PubMed PMID: 20387573.


173: Moliterno JA, Mubita LL, Huang C, Boockvar JA. High-viscosity
polymethylmethacrylate cement for endoscopic anterior cranial base
reconstruction. J Neurosurg. 2010 Nov;113(5):1100-5. doi:
10.3171/2010.3.JNS09453. Epub 2010 Mar 26. PubMed PMID: 20345225.


174: Wang B, Wu ST, Li Z, Liu PN. Anterior and middle skull base reconstruction
after tumor resection. Chin Med J (Engl). 2010 Feb 5;123(3):281-5. PubMed PMID:
20193245.


175: Campero A, Martins C, Socolovsky M, Torino R, Yasuda A, Domitrovic L, Rhoton
A Jr. Three-piece orbitozygomatic approach. Neurosurgery. 2010
Mar;66(suppl_1):ons-E119-ons-E120. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000348559.82835.21.
PubMed PMID: 20173579.


176: Patel MR, Shah RN, Snyderman CH, Carrau RL, Germanwala AV, Kassam AB,
Zanation AM. Pericranial flap for endoscopic anterior skull-base reconstruction: 
clinical outcomes and radioanatomic analysis of preoperative planning.
Neurosurgery. 2010 Mar;66(3):506-12; discussion 512. doi:
10.1227/01.NEU.0000365620.59677.FF. PubMed PMID: 20173545.


177: Jimbo H, Kamata S, Miura K, Asamoto S, Tada S, Endo T, Masubuchi T, Nakamura
N, Fushimi C. Operative management of skull base malignant tumors arising from
the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus: recent strategies used in 25 cases. Neurol 
Med Chir (Tokyo). 2010 Jan;50(1):20-6; discussion 26. PubMed PMID: 20098020.


178: Ozlen F, Abuzayed B, Dashti R, Isler C, Tanriover N, Sanus GZ. Low-profile
1-piece bifrontal craniotomy for anterior skull base approach and reconstruction.
J Craniofac Surg. 2010 Jan;21(1):233-8. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181c5a217. PubMed
PMID: 20072003.


179: Nyquist GG, Anand VK, Mehra S, Kacker A, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal
repair of anterior skull base non-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leaks,
meningoceles, and encephaloceles. J Neurosurg. 2010 Nov;113(5):961-6. doi:
10.3171/2009.10.JNS08986. Epub 2009 Nov 20. PubMed PMID: 19929192.


180: Fattahi T, Dipasquale J. Utility of the pericranial flap in frontal sinus
and anterior cranial fossa trauma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009
Dec;38(12):1263-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2009.09.006. PubMed PMID: 19836208.


181: Wait SD, Chang SW, Killory BD, White WL, Spetzler RF. Anterior cerebral
artery amputation and salvage repair of internal carotid artery tear: technical
case report. Neurosurgery. 2009 Oct;65(4):E820-2; discussion E822. doi:
10.1227/01.NEU.0000350978.36160.7B. Erratum in: Neurosurgery. 2011
Jun;68(6):E1780. PubMed PMID: 19834363.


182: Raza SM, Conway JE, Li KW, Attenello F, Boahene K, Subramanian P,
Quinones-Hinojosa A. A modified frontal-nasal-orbital approach to midline lesions
of the anterior cranial fossa and skull base: technical note with case
illustrations. Neurosurg Rev. 2010 Jan;33(1):63-70. doi:
10.1007/s10143-009-0222-4. Epub 2009 Sep 2. PubMed PMID: 19727873.


183: Dange N, Mahore A, Kansal R, Goel A. Brain herniation through the anterior
cranial floor in a long-standing frontal falcine meningioma. J Clin Neurosci.
2009 Sep;16(9):1242-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2008.11.019. Epub 2009 Jun 17. PubMed 
PMID: 19539474.


184: Abe T, Anan M, Kamida T, Fujiki M. Surgical technique for anterior skull
base reconstruction using hydroxyapatite cement and titanium mesh. Acta Neurochir
(Wien). 2009 Oct;151(10):1337-8. doi: 10.1007/s00701-009-0392-4. Epub 2009 May
15. PubMed PMID: 19444373.


185: Fishman G, Fliss DM, Benjamin S, Margalit N, Gil Z, Derowe A, Constantini S,
Beni-Adani L. Multidisciplinary surgical approach for cerebrospinal fluid leak in
children with complex head trauma. Childs Nerv Syst. 2009 Aug;25(8):915-23. doi: 
10.1007/s00381-009-0887-6. Epub 2009 May 5. PubMed PMID: 19415300.


186: Bambakidis NC, Manjila S, Dashti S, Tarr R, Megerian CA. Management of
anterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms: an illustrative case and review of
literature. Neurosurg Focus. 2009 May;26(5):E6. doi: 10.3171/2009.1.FOCUS0915.
Review. PubMed PMID: 19409007.


187: Lefranc M, Peltier J, Demuynkc F, Bugnicourt JM, Desenclos C, Fichten A,
Toussaint P, Le Gars D. Tension pneumocephalus and rhinorrhea revealing
spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid fistula of the anterior cranial base.
Neurochirurgie. 2009 Jun;55(3):340-4. doi: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2008.10.014. Epub
2009 Apr 8. PubMed PMID: 19359019.


188: Ladziński P, Maliszewski M. [Extended subfrontal approach to the central
cranial base - analysis of the surgical technique in cadaver simulation]. Neurol 
Neurochir Pol. 2009 Jan-Feb;43(1):59-70. Polish. PubMed PMID: 19353445.


189: Carrabba G, Guastella C, Gaini SM, Spagnoli D. Anterior cranial base
reconstruction following a complicated nasal septoplasty. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 
2009 Jun;151(6):701-3; discussion 703. doi: 10.1007/s00701-009-0289-2. Epub 2009 
Apr 1. PubMed PMID: 19337681.


190: Daenekindt T, Van Calenbergh E, Goffin J, Depreitere B, van Loon J. Lateral 
safety limits during a facial transclival approach to the craniovertebral
junction. Acta Chir Belg. 2008 Nov-Dec;108(6):720-4. PubMed PMID: 19241925.


191: Sanus GZ, Tanriverdi T. Anterior skull base fractures: extradural surgical
approach. J Craniofac Surg. 2009 Jan;20(1):270. doi:
10.1097/SCS.0b013e318191cffb. PubMed PMID: 19165054.


192: Myers LL, Sumer BD, Lowery JE, Truelson JM, Leach JL, Sinard RJ. Changing
patterns of tracheotomy use in anterior skull base surgery with free tissue
reconstruction. Laryngoscope. 2009 Mar;119(3):453-8. doi: 10.1002/lary.20059.
PubMed PMID: 19160431.


193: Kryzanski JT, Annino DJ, Gopal H, Heilman CB. Low complication rates of
cranial and craniofacial approaches to midline anterior skull base lesions. Skull
Base. 2008 Jul;18(4):229-41. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1003924. PubMed PMID: 19119338; 
PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2467480.


194: Kechagias E, Georgakoulias N, Ioakimidou C, Kyriazi S, Kontogeorgos G,
Seretis A. Giant Intradural Mucocele in a Patient with Adult Onset Seizures. Case
Rep Neurol. 2009 Jul 23;1(1):29-32. PubMed PMID: 20847833; PubMed Central PMCID: 
PMC2940261.


195: Castelnuovo P, Dallan I, Bignami M, Pistochini A, Battaglia P, Tschabitscher
M. Endoscopic endonasal management of petroclival cerebrospinal fluid leaks:
anatomical study and preliminary clinical experience. Minim Invasive Neurosurg.
2008 Dec;51(6):336-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1085451. Epub 2008 Dec 5. PubMed PMID: 
19061144.


196: Ragel BT, McCafferty RR. Indirect gunshot wound to the head. Acta Neurochir 
(Wien). 2008 Dec;150(12):1311-2; discussion 1312. doi: 10.1007/s00701-008-0148-6.
Epub 2008 Nov 18. PubMed PMID: 19015810.


197: Bockmühl U. [Interdisciplinary approaches to anterior base of skull
lesions]. Laryngorhinootologie. 2008 Nov;87(11):827-9. doi:
10.1055/s-0028-1098058. Epub 2008 Nov 3. German. PubMed PMID: 18982543.


198: Yiotakis I, Eleftheriadou A, Giotakis E, Manolopoulos L, Ferekidou E,
Kandiloros D. Resection of giant ethmoid osteoma with orbital and skull base
extension followed by duraplasty. World J Surg Oncol. 2008 Oct 14;6:110. doi:
10.1186/1477-7819-6-110. PubMed PMID: 18854008; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2576271.


199: Kassam AB, Thomas A, Carrau RL, Snyderman CH, Vescan A, Prevedello D, Mintz 
A, Gardner P. Endoscopic reconstruction of the cranial base using a pedicled
nasoseptal flap. Neurosurgery. 2008 Jul;63(1 Suppl 1):ONS44-52; discussion
ONS52-3. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000297074.13423.F5. PubMed PMID: 18728603.


200: Gardner PA, Kassam AB, Thomas A, Snyderman CH, Carrau RL, Mintz AH,
Prevedello DM. Endoscopic endonasal resection of anterior cranial base
meningiomas. Neurosurgery. 2008 Jul;63(1):36-52; discussion 52-4. doi:
10.1227/01.NEU.0000335069.30319.1E. PubMed PMID: 18728567.

201: Miyachi S. [Endovascular treatment for dural arteriovenous fistula]. Brain
Nerve. 2008 Aug;60(8):907-14. Review. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 18717194.


202: Kato K, Chernov M, Urino T, Kasuya H, Kubo O, Iseki H, Hori T. Ossified
frontosphenoorbital meningioma en plaque, mimicking extensive hyperostosis. Minim
Invasive Neurosurg. 2008 Aug;51(4):237-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1080906. PubMed
PMID: 18683118.


203: Cai B, Zhou L, An H, Chen J, Hui X, Qiao X, Liu J, Jiang S. [Early outcome
of one-stage transnasal surgery combined with transnasal surgery for cranionasal 
tumors and reconstruction of skull base]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za
Zhi. 2008 May;22(5):589-92. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 18630443.


204: Galassi E, Pasquini E, Frank G, Marucci G. Combined endoscopy-assisted
cranionasal approach for resection of infantile myofibromatosis of the ethmoid
and anterior skull base. Case report. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2008 Jul;2(1):58-62.
doi: 10.3171/PED/2008/2/7/058. PubMed PMID: 18590397.


205: Chibbaro S, Herman P, Povlika M, George B. Malignant trigeminal schwannoma
extending into the anterior skull base. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2008
Jun;150(6):599-604. doi: 10.1007/s00701-008-1563-4. Epub 2008 May 12. PubMed
PMID: 18473115.


206: Presutti L, Trani M, Alicandri-Ciufelli M, Marchioni D. Exclusive endoscopic
removal of a planum sphenoidale meningioma: a case report. Minim Invasive
Neurosurg. 2008 Feb;51(1):51-3. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1022540. PubMed PMID:
18306133.


207: Schouman T, Vinchon M, Ruhin-Coupet B, Pellerin P, Dhellemmes P. Isolated
bilateral coronal synostosis: early treatment by peri-fronto-orbital craniectomy.
J Craniofac Surg. 2008 Jan;19(1):40-4. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e31815ca1f8. PubMed 
PMID: 18216663.


208: Düz B, Secer HI, Tosun F, Gonul E. Endoscopic endonasal resection of a
midline intradural frontobasal dermoid tumour. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 2007
Dec;50(6):363-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-993161. PubMed PMID: 18210360.


209: Han X, Dong Y, Sun K, Lu Y. A huge occipital osteoblastoma accompanied with 
aneurysmal bone cyst in the posterior cranial fossa. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2008 
Mar;110(3):282-5. Epub 2007 Dec 4. PubMed PMID: 18055104.


210: Gharabaghi A, Krischek B, Feigl GC, Rosahl SK, Lüdemann W, Mirzayan MJ,
Koerbel A, Samii M, Tatagiba M, Heckl S. Image-guided craniotomy for frontal
sinus preservation during meningioma surgery. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008
Aug;34(8):928-31. Epub 2007 Nov 26. PubMed PMID: 18042499.


211: Placantonakis DG, Tabaee A, Anand VK, Hiltzik D, Schwartz TH. Safety of
low-dose intrathecal fluorescein in endoscopic cranial base surgery.
Neurosurgery. 2007 Sep;61(3 Suppl):161-5; discussion 165-6. PubMed PMID:
17876246.


212: Vergani F, Pirola E, Fiori L, Pagni F, Parmigiani F, Sganzerla EP. Combined 
transcranial and endoscopic nasal resection for esthesioneuroblastoma. Technical 
note. J Neurosurg Sci. 2007 Jun;51(2):99-102. PubMed PMID: 17571044.


213: Abe T, Goda M, Kamida T, Fujiki M, Kobayashi H, Nakano T, Mori T, Watanabe
T, Suzuki M. Overlapping free bone graft with galea-pericranium in reconstruction
of the anterior skull base to prevent CSF leak and sequestrum formation. Acta
Neurochir (Wien). 2007 Aug;149(8):771-5; discussion 775. Epub 2007 Jun 14. PubMed
PMID: 17565426.


214: Siniscalchi EN, Angileri FF, Mastellone P, Catalfamo L, Giusa M, Conti A, De
Ponte FS, Tomasello F. Anterior skull base reconstruction with a
galeal-pericranial flap. J Craniofac Surg. 2007 May;18(3):622-5. PubMed PMID:
17538328.


215: Acosta FL Jr, Aryan HE, Chi J, Parsa AT, Ames CP. Modified paramedian
transpedicular approach and spinal reconstruction for intradural tumors of the
cervical and cervicothoracic spine: clinical experience. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).
2007 Mar 15;32(6):E203-10. PubMed PMID: 17413461.


216: Hanoun G, Sova M, Smrcka M, Smrcka V. [Anterior skull base reconstruction]. 
Rozhl Chir. 2006 Dec;85(12):593-8. Czech. PubMed PMID: 17407946.


217: Okuda T, Kitano M, Taneda M. [Surgical treatment for cerebrospinal fluid
rhinorrhea from plaum sphenoidale]. No Shinkei Geka. 2006 Nov;34(11):1119-23.
Japanese. PubMed PMID: 17087266.


218: Rosahl SK, Gharabaghi A, Hubbe U, Shahidi R, Samii M. Virtual reality
augmentation in skull base surgery. Skull Base. 2006 May;16(2):59-66. PubMed
PMID: 17077870; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1502039.


219: Li Z, Cen Y, Yang K. [Modified transcranial approach to resect tumor around 
the anterior skull base and double tissue flap to reconstruct the anterior skull 
base]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2006 Sep;20(9):896-8. Chinese.
PubMed PMID: 17036975.


220: Nouraei SA, Ismail Y, Gerber CJ, Crawford PJ, McLean NR, Hodgkinson PD.
Long-term outcome of skull base surgery with microvascular reconstruction for
malignant disease. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006 Oct;118(5):1151-8; discussion
1159-60. PubMed PMID: 17016183.


221: DeMonte F, Diaz E Jr, Callender D, Suk I. Transmandibular, circumglossal,
retropharyngeal approach for chordomas of the clivus and upper cervical spine.
Technical note. Neurosurg Focus. 2001 Mar 15;10(3):E10. PubMed PMID: 16734402.


222: DeMonte F, Tabrizi P, Culpepper SA, Abi-Said D, Soparkar CN, Patrinely JR.
Ophthalmological outcome following orbital resection in anterior and
anterolateral skull base surgery. Neurosurg Focus. 2001 May 15;10(5):E4. PubMed
PMID: 16724827.


223: Origitano TC, Petruzzelli GJ, Leonetti JP, Vandevender D. Combined anterior 
and anterolateral approaches to the cranial base: complication analysis,
avoidance, and management. Neurosurgery. 2006 Apr;58(4 Suppl 2):ONS-327-36;
discussion ONS-336-7. PubMed PMID: 16582657.


224: Schick U, Bleyen J, Bani A, Hassler W. Management of meningiomas en plaque
of the sphenoid wing. J Neurosurg. 2006 Feb;104(2):208-14. PubMed PMID: 16509494.


225: Perez-Sanchez X, Umansky F, Margolin E, Spektor S. Fronto-orbital craniotomy
reconstruction using the titanium clamp (Craniofix): a technical note. Surg
Neurol. 2006 Jan;65(1):51-4. PubMed PMID: 16378858.


226: Torres A, Acebes JJ, López L, Marnov A, Viñals J, Serra JM, Maũos M, Monner 
A. [Complications of craniofacial resection in anterior skull base tumors].
Neurocirugia (Astur). 2005 Dec;16(6):492-8. Spanish. PubMed PMID: 16378131.


227: Bilsky MH, Bentz B, Vitaz T, Shah J, Kraus D. Craniofacial resection for
cranial base malignancies involving the infratemporal fossa. Neurosurgery. 2005
Oct;57(4 Suppl):339-47; discussion 339-47. PubMed PMID: 16234683; PubMed Central 
PMCID: PMC1858642.


228: Reisch R, Perneczky A. Ten-year experience with the supraorbital subfrontal 
approach through an eyebrow skin incision. Neurosurgery. 2005 Oct;57(4
Suppl):242-55; discussion 242-55. PubMed PMID: 16234671.


229: Bhatoe HS. Missile injuries of the anterior skull base. Skull Base. 2004
Feb;14(1):1-8; discussion 8. PubMed PMID: 16145579; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC1151666.


230: Nameki H, Kato T, Nameki I, Ajimi Y. Selective reconstructive options for
the anterior skull base. Int J Clin Oncol. 2005 Aug;10(4):223-8. PubMed PMID:
16136365.


231: Origitano TC, Petruzzelli GJ, Vandevender D, Emami B. Management of
malignant tumors of the anterior and anterolateral skull base. Neurosurg Focus.
2002 May 15;12(5):e7. PubMed PMID: 16119905.


232: Chandler JP, Silva FE. Extended transbasal approach to skull base tumors.
Technical nuances and review of the literature. Oncology (Williston Park). 2005
Jun;19(7):913-9; discussion 920, 923-5, 929. Review. PubMed PMID: 16053038.


233: Chandler JP, Pelzer HJ, Bendok BB, Hunt Batjer H, Salehi SA. Advances in
surgical management of malignancies of the cranial base: the extended transbasal 
approach. J Neurooncol. 2005 Jun;73(2):145-52. PubMed PMID: 15981105.


234: Andaluz N, van Loveren HR, Keller JT, Zuccarello M. The One-Piece
Orbitopterional Approach. Skull Base. 2003 Nov;13(4):241-245. PubMed PMID:
15912184; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1131858.


235: Wiltfang J, Rupprecht S, Ganslandt O, Nimsky C, Keßler P, Schultze-Mosgau S,
Fahlbusch R, Neukam FW. Intraoperative Image-Guided Surgery of the Lateral and
Anterior Skull Base in Patients with Tumors or Trauma. Skull Base. 2003
Feb;13(1):21-29. PubMed PMID: 15912156; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1131826.


236: Feiz-Erfan I, Han PP, Spetzler RF, Porter RW, Klopfenstein JD, Ferreira MA, 
Beals SP, Joganic EF. Exposure of midline cranial base without a facial incision 
through a combined craniofacial-transfacial procedure. Neurosurgery. 2005
Jan;56(1 Suppl):28-35; discussion 28-35. PubMed PMID: 15799790.


237: Schaller B. Subcranial approach in the surgical treatment of anterior skull 
base trauma. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2005 Apr;147(4):355-66; discussion 366. Epub 
2005 Mar 3. Review. PubMed PMID: 15726278.


238: Aryan HE, Jandial R, Ozgur BM, Hughes SA, Meltzer HS, Park MS, Levy ML.
Surgical correction of metopic synostosis. Childs Nerv Syst. 2005
May;21(5):392-8. Epub 2005 Feb 16. PubMed PMID: 15714353.


239: DiMeco F, Li KW, Mendola C, Cantú G, Solero CL. Craniotomies without burr
holes using an oscillating saw. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2004 Sep;146(9):995-1001; 
discussion 1001. Epub 2004 Jun 30. PubMed PMID: 15340811.


240: Sanghvi CA, Richardson P, Leatherbarrow B. Unilateral lid retraction due to 
orbital fat entrapment in the anterior cranial fossa. Eye (Lond). 2005
Jun;19(6):695-7. Review. PubMed PMID: 15332104.


241: Rodrigues M, O'malley BW Jr, Staecker H, Tamargo R. Extended pericranial
flap and bone graft reconstruction in anterior skull base surgery. Otolaryngol
Head Neck Surg. 2004 Jul;131(1):69-76. PubMed PMID: 15243560.


242: Poetker DM, Pytynia KB, Meyer GA, Wackym PA. Complication rate of
transtemporal hydroxyapatite cement cranioplasties: a case series review of 76
cranioplasties. Otol Neurotol. 2004 Jul;25(4):604-9. PubMed PMID: 15241242.


243: Hendryk S, Czecior E, Misiołek M, Namysłowski G, Mrówka R. Surgical
strategies in the removal of malignant tumors and benign lesions of the anterior 
skull base. Neurosurg Rev. 2004 Jul;27(3):205-13. Epub 2004 May 8. PubMed PMID:
15138846.


244: Clauser L, Dallera V, Sarti E, Tieghi R. Frontobasilar fractures in
children. Childs Nerv Syst. 2004 Mar;20(3):168-75. Epub 2004 Feb 13. PubMed PMID:
14968372.


245: Gök A, Erkutlu I, Alptekin M, Kanlikama M. Three-layer reconstruction with
fascia lata and vascularized pericranium for anterior skull base defects. Acta
Neurochir (Wien). 2004 Jan;146(1):53-6; discussion 56-7. Epub 2003 Dec 15. PubMed
PMID: 14740265.


246: de Divitiis O, Conti A, Angileri FF, Cardali S, La Torre D, Tschabitscher M.
Endoscopic transoral-transclival approach to the brainstem and surrounding
cisternal space: anatomic study. Neurosurgery. 2004 Jan;54(1):125-30; discussion 
130. PubMed PMID: 14683549.


247: Liu JK, O'Neill B, Orlandi RR, Moscatello AL, Jensen RL, Couldwell WT.
Endoscopic-assisted craniofacial resection of esthesioneuroblastoma: minimizing
facial incisions--technical note and report of 3 cases. Minim Invasive Neurosurg.
2003 Oct;46(5):310-5. PubMed PMID: 14628249.


248: Obeid F, Al-Mefty O. Recurrence of olfactory groove meningiomas.
Neurosurgery. 2003 Sep;53(3):534-42; discussion 542-3. PubMed PMID: 12943570.


249: Dare AO, Balos LL, Grand W. Neural-dural transition at the medial anterior
cranial base: an anatomical and histological study with clinical applications. J 
Neurosurg. 2003 Aug;99(2):362-5. PubMed PMID: 12924711.


250: Kin S, Wanibuchi M, Minamida Y, Yamaki T, Tanabe S, Houkin K. [A case of
sinonasal carcinoma with intracranial invasion treated by a multidisciplinary
team]. No Shinkei Geka. 2003 Jun;31(6):677-82. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 12833878.


251: Gil Z, Cohen JT, Spektor S, Shlomi B, Fliss DM. Anterior skull base surgery 
without prophylactic airway diversion procedures. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.
2003 May;128(5):681-5. PubMed PMID: 12748561.


252: Hao SP, Pan WL, Chang CN, Hsu YS. The use of the facial translocation
technique in the management of tumors of the paranasal sinuses and skull base.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Apr;128(4):571-5. PubMed PMID: 12707663.


253: Georgantopoulou A, Hodgkinson PD, Gerber CJ. Cranial-base surgery: a
reconstructive algorithm. Br J Plast Surg. 2003 Jan;56(1):10-3. PubMed PMID:
12706142.


254: Califano J, Cordeiro PG, Disa JJ, Hidalgo DA, DuMornay W, Bilsky MH, Gutin
PH, Shah JP, Kraus DH. Anterior cranial base reconstruction using free tissue
transfer: changing trends. Head Neck. 2003 Feb;25(2):89-96. PubMed PMID:
12509790.


255: Kawashima M, Matsushima T, Miyazono M, Hirokawa E, Baba H. Two surgical
cases of internal carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysms: special reference to the
usefulness of three-dimensional CT angiography. Neurol Res. 2002 Dec;24(8):825-8.
PubMed PMID: 12500708.


256: Weitzel EK, Hollier LH, Calzada G, Manolidis S. Single stage management of
complex fronto-orbital mucoceles. J Craniofac Surg. 2002 Nov;13(6):739-45. PubMed
PMID: 12457085.


257: DeMonte F, Tabrizi P, Culpepper SA, Suki D, Soparkar CN, Patrinely JR.
Ophthalmological outcome after orbital entry during anterior and anterolateral
skull base surgery. J Neurosurg. 2002 Oct;97(4):851-6. PubMed PMID: 12405373.


258: Heth JA, Funk GF, Karnell LH, McCulloch TM, Traynelis VC, Nerad JA, Smith
RB, Graham SM, Hoffman HT. Free tissue transfer and local flap complications in
anterior and anterolateral skull base surgery. Head Neck. 2002 Oct;24(10):901-11;
discussion 912. PubMed PMID: 12369068.


259: Song D, Zhou L, Li S. Long-term follow-up results of dural reconstruction
without bone graft at anterior skull-base defects. Chin Med J (Engl). 2002
Apr;115(4):552-4. PubMed PMID: 12133296.


260: To EW, Yuen EH, Tsang WM, Lai EC, Wong GK, Sun DT, Chan DT, Lam JM, Ahuja A,
Poon WS. The use of stereotactic navigation guidance in minimally invasive
transnasal nasopharyngectomy: a comparison with the conventional open transfacial
approach. Br J Radiol. 2002 Apr;75(892):345-50. PubMed PMID: 12000693.


261: Gates T, Frodel JL. Frontobasilar blast injuries: access and treatment. J
Craniomaxillofac Trauma. 1998 Summer;4(2):32-9; discussion 31. PubMed PMID:
11951430.


262: Samii M, Tatagiba M. Skull base trauma: diagnosis and management. Neurol
Res. 2002 Mar;24(2):147-56. Review. PubMed PMID: 11877898.


263: Shen J, Hu J, Hu B, Li G, Zhao W, Cheng K, Wang J, Pu C, Sun Q. [Extensive
transbasal approach for removal of tumours in the nasal, sphenoid and clival
regions]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 1999 Jan;37(1):35-7, 2. Chinese. PubMed PMID:
11829774.


264: Raman Sharma R, Mahapatra AK, Pawar SJ, Thomas C, Al-Ismaily M. Trans-sellar
trans-sphenoidal encephaloceles: report of two cases. J Clin Neurosci. 2002
Jan;9(1):89-92. PubMed PMID: 11749029.


265: Zöller JE, Mischkowski RA, Behr R, Ernestus RI, Speder B. The fronto-orbital
osteotomy as plastic-reconstructive approach to the anterior and middle skull
base. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2001 Jun;29(3):159-64. PubMed PMID: 11465255.


266: Devi B, Bhat D, Madhusudhan H, Santhosh V, Shankar S. Primary intraosseous
meningioma of orbit and anterior cranial fossa: a case report and literature
review. Australas Radiol. 2001 May;45(2):211-4. Review. PubMed PMID: 11380366.


267: Chang DW, Langstein HN, Gupta A, De Monte F, Do KA, Wang X, Robb G.
Reconstructive management of cranial base defects after tumor ablation. Plast
Reconstr Surg. 2001 May;107(6):1346-55; discussion 1356-7. PubMed PMID: 11335798.


268: Amir R, Dunham ME. Bilateral choanal atresia associated with nasal dermoid
cyst and sinus: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Pediatr
Otorhinolaryngol. 2001 Apr 6;58(1):81-5. Review. PubMed PMID: 11249985.


269: Krishnan KG, Winkler PA, Müller A, Grevers G, Steiger HJ. Closure of
recurrent frontal skull base defects with vascularized flaps -- a technical case 
report. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2000;142(12):1353-8. PubMed PMID: 11214628.


270: Tachibana E, Saito K, Takahashi M, Fukuta K, Yoshida J. Surgical treatment
of a massive chondrosarcoma in the skull base associated with Maffucci's
syndrome: a case report. Surg Neurol. 2000 Aug;54(2):165-9; discussion 169-70.
PubMed PMID: 11077099.


271: Goel A. Multilayer reconstruction of the anterior cranial fossa floor. Br J 
Neurosurg. 1998 Jun;12(3):254-8. PubMed PMID: 11013690.


272: Abdullah J, Rushdan A, Hamzah M, Ariff AR, Rani A. Use of bovine xenograft
in reconstruction of traumatic anterior cranial fossa bone defects involving the 
frontal sinus. Ann Transplant. 1999;4(3-4):28-31. PubMed PMID: 10853777.


273: Cantù G, Solero CL, Pizzi N, Nardo L, Mattavelli F. Skull base
reconstruction after anterior craniofacial resection. J Craniomaxillofac Surg.
1999 Aug;27(4):228-34. PubMed PMID: 10626256.


274: Roux FX, Moussa R, Devaus B, Nataf F, Page P, Laccourreye O, Schwaab G,
Brasnu D, Lacau Saint-Guily J. Subcranial fronto-orbito-nasal approach for
ethmoidal cancers surgical techniques and results. Surg Neurol. 1999
Nov;52(5):501-8; discussion 508-10. PubMed PMID: 10595771.


275: Mick G. Skull base reconstruction utilizing titanium mesh in chronic CSF
leakage repair. J Ky Med Assoc. 1999 Nov;97(11):525-7. PubMed PMID: 10589179.


276: Pillevuit O, Maire R, Lang FJ. [Evaluation of combined neurosurgical and
trans-facial excision of extensive rhinosinus tumors infiltrating the anterior
skull base]. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac. 1999 Oct;116(5):270-7. French.
PubMed PMID: 10572590.


277: Kiyokawa K, Tai Y, Tanabe HY, Inoue Y, Hayakawa K, Shigemori M, Tokudomi T. 
A surgical method for treating anterior skull base injuries. J Craniomaxillofac
Surg. 1999 Feb;27(1):11-9. PubMed PMID: 10188122.


278: Kaye AH, Sizeland A, Briggs R, Kleid S, Costello B. Craniofacial resection
of anterior skull base tumours: comment. Aust N Z J Surg. 1999 Mar;69(3):235-6.
PubMed PMID: 10075370.


279: Boyle JO, Shah KC, Shah JP. Craniofacial resection for malignant neoplasms
of the skull base: an overview. J Surg Oncol. 1998 Dec;69(4):275-84. Review.
PubMed PMID: 9881946.


280: Zabramski JM, Kiriş T, Sankhla SK, Cabiol J, Spetzler RF. Orbitozygomatic
craniotomy. Technical note. J Neurosurg. 1998 Aug;89(2):336-41. PubMed PMID:
9688133.


281: Nibu K, Sasaki T, Kawahara N, Sugasawa M, Nakatsuka T, Yamada A.
Complications of craniofacial surgery for tumors involving the anterior cranial
base. Neurosurgery. 1998 Mar;42(3):455-61; discussion 461-2. PubMed PMID:
9526977.


282: Kawaura M, Nameki H, Fujii M, Kanzaki J. Use of vertical median forehead
flap in the reconstruction of the anterior skull base: report of two cases. Auris
Nasus Larynx. 1997 Oct;24(4):379-83. PubMed PMID: 9352830.


283: Katoh M, Kato T, Asaoka K, Sawamura Y, Abe H, Yamamoto Y, Echizenya K.
[Single stage excision for an intractable brain abscess and free rectus abdominis
flap for reconstruction of the anterior skull base]. No Shinkei Geka. 1997
May;25(5):461-5. Japanese. Erratum in: No Shinkei Geka 1997 Jul;25(7):669. PubMed
PMID: 9145406.


284: Tacke J, Klein HM, Bertalanffy H, Mayfrank L, Thron A, Gilsbach JM, Günther 
RW. Clinical significance of three-dimensional helical CT in neurosurgery. Minim 
Invasive Neurosurg. 1997 Mar;40(1):30-5. PubMed PMID: 9138307.


285: Piek J. [A simple technique for reconstruction of anterior and middle
cranial base after palliative tumor resection]. Zentralbl Neurochir.
1997;58(2):61-5. German. PubMed PMID: 9334123.


286: Roux FX, Devaux B, Nataf F, Pages JC, Laccourreye O, Menard M, Brasnu D.
[Malignant tumors of the ethmoid region. Neurosurgical techniques].
Neurochirurgie. 1997;43(2):92-9. Review. French. PubMed PMID: 9296052.


287: van Dijk JM, Thomeer RT. Control of complications in the midfrontobasal
approach. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1997;139(4):355-7; discussion 357-8. PubMed
PMID: 9202777.


288: Goodrich JT, Argamaso R. Lambdoid stenosis (posterior plagiocephaly) and
craniofacial asymmetry: long-term outcomes. Childs Nerv Syst. 1996
Nov;12(11):720-6. PubMed PMID: 9118137.


289: Undt G, Hollmann K, Schuster H, Rasse M. Pedicled calvarial bone flap for
reconstruction of the anterior skull base following tumor resection. Plast
Reconstr Surg. 1996 Sep;98(4):730-4. PubMed PMID: 8773699.


290: Tzortzidis F, Bejjani G, Papadas T, Triantafyllou P, Partheni M, Goumas P,
Papadakis N. Craniofacial osteotomies to facilitate resection of large tumours of
the anterior skull base. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1996 Aug;24(4):224-9. PubMed
PMID: 8880448.


291: Roux FX, Laccourreye O, Devaux B, Cioloca C, Brasnu D. [Development of
reconstruction techniques of the anterior skull base after tumor excision]. Ann
Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac. 1996;113(1):29-33. French. PubMed PMID: 8763772.


292: Kumon Y, Zenke K, Ohta S, Hatakeyama T, Sakaki S, Yanagihara N. [Operative
results in fourteen cases of paranasal sinus and anterior cranial fossa lesions
surgically treated by an extended transbasal approach]. No Shinkei Geka. 1995
Oct;23(10):889-95. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 7477698.


293: Arita N, Mori S, Hayakawa T. [Surgery in the anterior skull base and its
reconstruction]. No Shinkei Geka. 1995 Aug;23(8):659-64. Review. Japanese. PubMed
PMID: 7666935.


294: Yen YS, Shao KN, Lin CZ, Shih YH, Lee LS. Clinical experience of
neurosurgical reconstruction in anterior skull base lesions. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za
Zhi (Taipei). 1995 May;55(5):371-80. PubMed PMID: 7641122.


295: Hasegawa M, Torii S, Fukuta K, Saito K. Reconstruction of the anterior
cranial base with the galeal frontalis myofascial flap and the vascularized outer
table calvarial bone graft. Neurosurgery. 1995 Apr;36(4):725-9; discussion
729-31. PubMed PMID: 7596503.


296: Goel A, Gahankari D. Extended subgaleal fascia--pericranial temporalis flap 
for skull base reconstruction. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1995;135(3-4):203-5. PubMed
PMID: 8748816.


297: Bootz F, Gawlowski J. Repair of anterior base of skull with free latissimus 
dorsi flap. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1995;133(3-4):195-200. PubMed PMID: 8748766.


298: Papay FA, Morales L Jr, Flaharty P, Smith SJ, Anderson R, WAlker JM, Hood
RS, Hardy S. Optic nerve decompression in cranial base fibrous dysplasia. J
Craniofac Surg. 1995 Jan;6(1):5-10; discussion 11-4. PubMed PMID: 8601008.


299: Swearingen B, Joseph M, Cheney M, Ojemann RG. A modified transfacial
approach to the clivus. Neurosurgery. 1995 Jan;36(1):101-4; discussion 104-5.
PubMed PMID: 7708145.


300: Fournier HD, Mercier P, Menei P, Alhayek G, Guy G. [Transpetrosal approaches
to the clivus. Surgical anatomy, challenges and limitations]. Neurochirurgie.
1995;41(1):6-27; discussion 27-8. Review. French. PubMed PMID: 7651573.


301: Kraus DH, Shah JP, Arbit E, Galicich JH, Strong EW. Complications of
craniofacial resection for tumors involving the anterior skull base. Head Neck.
1994 Jul-Aug;16(4):307-12. PubMed PMID: 8056574.


302: Maurizi M, Galli J, Paludetti G, D'Alessandro S, Roselli R, Scerrati M.
[Combined craniofacial surgery in malignant tumors of the ethmoid]. Acta
Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 1994 Jul-Aug;14(4):393-412. Review. Italian. PubMed PMID: 
7817745.


303: Tokiyoshi K, Iwata Y, Mizuta T, Shimizu H, Nishioka K. [Successful
reconstruction of a skull base fracture with frontal lobe contusion by omental
transplantation for recurrent posttraumatic tension pneumocephalus: a case
report]. No Shinkei Geka. 1994 Jun;22(6):557-60. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 8015677.


304: Kurihara H, Fukuda S, Maguchi S, Satoh N, Inuyama Y, Yoshitsuru H. [Four
cases of olfactory neuroblastoma treated with craniofacial surgery]. Nihon
Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 1994 May;97(5):843-6. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 8207600.


305: Koch A, Hollmann K, Undt G, Ludwig H, Verheggen R. [Reconstruction of the
orbital roof after tumor resection with a pedicled muscle calvarial flap--the
calvaria temporalis flap]. Fortschr Kiefer Gesichtschir. 1994;39:50-2. German.
PubMed PMID: 8088671.


306: Goel A. Vascularized bone flap for anterior skull base reconstruction. Acta 
Neurochir (Wien). 1994;128(1-4):166-8. PubMed PMID: 7847135.


307: Lang DA, Neil-Dwyer G, Evans BT. A multidisciplinary approach to tumours
involving the orbit: orbital re-construction, a 3-dimensional concept. Acta
Neurochir (Wien). 1994;128(1-4):101-8. PubMed PMID: 7847124.


308: Tao ZD. [Transcranial resection of tumors involving nose, paranasal sinuses 
and anterior skull base]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi. 1993;28(1):36-7,
59-60. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 8352995.


309: Ueda K, Inoue T, Harada T, Oba S, Harashina T. Dura and cranial base
reconstruction by external oblique fascia and rectus abdominis muscle flap. J
Reconstr Microsurg. 1992 Nov;8(6):427-32. PubMed PMID: 1453367.


310: Fujitsu K, Saijo M, Aoki F, Fujii S, Mochimatsu Y, Gondo G. Cranio-nasal
median splitting for radical resection of craniopharyngioma. Neurol Res. 1992
Sep;14(4):345-51. PubMed PMID: 1360632.


311: Scher RL, Cantrell RW. Anterior skull base reconstruction with the
pericranial flap after craniofacial resection. Ear Nose Throat J. 1992
May;71(5):210-2, 215-7. Review. PubMed PMID: 1505369.


312: Goodrich JT, Argamaso R, Hall CD. Split-thickness bone grafts in complex
craniofacial reconstructions. Pediatr Neurosurg. 1992;18(4):195-201. PubMed PMID:
1472432.


313: Yamaki T, Uede T, Tano-oka A, Asakura K, Tanabe S, Hashi K. Vascularized
omentum graft for the reconstruction of the skull base after removal of a
nasoethmoidal tumor with intracranial extension: case report. Neurosurgery. 1991 
Jun;28(6):877-80. PubMed PMID: 2067612.


314: Fujitsu K, Saijoh M, Aoki F, Sakata K, Fujii S, Mochimatsu Y, Kuwabara T.
Telecanthal approach for meningiomas in the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses.
Neurosurgery. 1991 May;28(5):714-9; discussion 719-20. Review. PubMed PMID:
1876250.


315: Spetzler RF, Pappas CT. Management of anterior skull base tumors. Clin
Neurosurg. 1991;37:490-501. Review. PubMed PMID: 2009703.


316: Goffin J, Fossion E, Plets C, Mommaerts M, Vrielinck L. Craniofacial
resection for anterior skull base tumours. Acta Neurochir (Wien).
1991;110(1-2):33-7. PubMed PMID: 1882716.


317: Genitori L, Cavalheiro S, Lena G, Dollo C, Choux M. Skull base in
trigonocephaly. Pediatr Neurosurg. 1991-1992;17(4):175-81. PubMed PMID: 1822130.


318: McDermott MW, Durity FA, Rootman J, Woodhurst WB. Combined
frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic approach for tumors of the sphenoid wing and
orbit. Neurosurgery. 1990 Jan;26(1):107-16. PubMed PMID: 2152976.


319: Arita N, Mori S, Sano M, Hayakawa T, Nakao K, Kanai N, Mogami H. Surgical
treatment of tumors in the anterior skull base using the transbasal approach.
Neurosurgery. 1989 Mar;24(3):379-84. PubMed PMID: 2927611.


320: Dhillon RS, Grant HR, Crockard HA. Craniofacial resection. An alternative
incision and skull base repair. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord).
1989;110(3):309-13. PubMed PMID: 8638057.


321: Rosen HM, Simeone FA, Bruce DA. Single stage composite resection and
reconstruction of malignant anterior skull base tumors. Neurosurgery. 1986
Jan;18(1):7-11. PubMed PMID: 3945378.


322: Jackson IT, Marsh WR, Hide TA. Treatment of tumors involving the anterior
cranial fossa. Head Neck Surg. 1984 May-Jun;6(5):901-13. PubMed PMID: 6724957.


323: Mohr G, Hoffman HJ, Munro IR, Hendrick EB, Humphreys RP. Surgical management
of unilateral and bilateral coronal craniosynostosis: 21 years of experience.
Neurosurgery. 1978 Mar-Apr;2(2):83-92. PubMed PMID: 366447.