An analytic [[study]], in the context of research methodology, refers to a type of investigation that aims to systematically examine and analyze a phenomenon or problem to gain insights, understand relationships, and make inferences. Analytic studies are common in various fields, including social sciences, natural sciences, and healthcare.

There are several types of analytic studies, each with its approach and purpose:

[[Cross-sectional study]]: This type of study examines a population at a single point in time to assess the prevalence of a condition or characteristic and to explore associations between variables. Cross-sectional studies are useful for generating hypotheses but cannot establish causality.

[[Case-control study]]: In a case-control study, researchers compare individuals with a particular condition or outcome (cases) to those without the condition (controls). By examining past exposures or characteristics, researchers can identify potential risk factors associated with the outcome.

[[Cohort study]]: Cohort studies follow a group of individuals over time to assess the development of certain outcomes or conditions. Researchers categorize participants based on their exposure status and then observe them prospectively to determine the incidence of outcomes. Cohort studies can establish temporality and are useful for investigating causality.

[[Longitudinal study]]: Longitudinal studies involve observing the same group of individuals over an extended period to track changes in variables of interest. These studies are valuable for examining developmental trajectories, trends, and long-term effects.

[[Ecological study]]

Analytic studies often involve the use of statistical methods to analyze data and draw conclusions. Researchers carefully design these studies to minimize bias, control confounding variables, and maximize the validity and reliability of their findings. The choice of analytic study design depends on the research question, available resources, ethical considerations, and practical constraints.