====== 2016 ======

[[2015]]-[[2017]]
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[[Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Fourth Edition]].
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[[World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System 2016]].
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[[Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma]] (SFT/HPC) is a combined entity for which a soft-tissue–type grading system, ranging from grades I to III, was introduced in the [[2016]] WHO classification of tumors of the CNS.

[[Hemangiopericytoma]]s were first described in [[1942]] and initially thought to be a vascular neoplasm related to smooth muscle perivascular cells known as [[pericyte]]s
((Stout AP, Murray MR. HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA: A VASCULAR TUMOR FEATURING
ZIMMERMANN'S PERICYTES. Ann Surg. 1942 Jul;116(1):26-33. PubMed PMID: 17858068;
PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1543753.
)). 
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A meta-analysis from the Cochrane Library in [[2016]], suggested that evidence comparing surgery to non-surgical approaches in [[lumbar spinal stenosis]] was of low quality and that standardized conservative protocols were needed 
((Zaina F., Tomkins-Lane C., Carragee E., Negrini S. Surgical versus non-surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2016;2016:CD010264. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010264.pub2))
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In 2016, Li et al. introduced the use of [[FLAIR]] sequences to demonstrate the association of [[EOR]] with [[survival]] and found that additional [[resection]] of the peri-enhancement area could prolong the survival of patients with [[Glioblastoma]]
((Li YM, Suki D, Hess K, Sawaya R: The influence of maximum
safe resection of glioblastoma on survival in 1229
patients: can we do better than gross-total resection? J Neurosurg
124:977–988, 2016)).
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Ducis et al pointed out in their [[2016]] [[study]], only 8.9% of neurosurgical studies were regarded as being high-[[quality]] [[evidence]] with wide variability existing between [[subspecialty]]. Additionally, less than 25% of all [[guidelines]] they considered were offered with the highest degree of [[confidence]] ([[Class I]])
((Ducis K, Florman JE, Rughani AI. Appraisal of the quality of neurosurgery clinical
practice guidelines. World Neurosurgery. 2016;90:322-339.)).
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Since 2016, 35 of 50 U.S. states have passed [[opioid]]-limiting laws.
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The [[Food and Drug Administration]] approved the use of [[DRG]] stimulation for refractory lower extremity pain related to [[complex regional pain syndrome]] (CRPS) in [[2016]].
((https://www.asra.com/news/237/dorsal-root-ganglion-stimulation-the-lat)).
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The [[Mazor X Stealth Edition]] was introduced in [[2018]]. This robotic system integrates Medtronic's Stealth navigation technology into the Mazor X platform, which was introduced in [[2016]].
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In December 2016 in [[Bogotá]] Colombia, a group of neurosurgeons recognized the massive deficit in [[neurosurgical care]], particularly in the developing world, and called upon the leaders of organized neurosurgery to take action.  From this meeting the final version of the Bogotá Declaration on Global Neurosurgery was released, after a series of subsequent revisions and additions from leaders in the field at various [[society]] meetings across the world. The declaration was the first of its kind to acknowledge the massive deficit in global neurosurgical care and also place responsibility onto our own professional community to create collective and unified efforts to improve access to [[neurosurgical care]]. 
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The Fifth International Conference on Concussion in Sport was held in [[Berlin]] in October [[2016]]. A series of 12 questions and subquestions was developed and the expert panel members were required to perform a systematic review to answer each question. Following presentation at the Berlin meeting of the systematic review, poster abstracts and audience discussion, the summary Consensus Statement was produced. Further, a series of tools for the management of sport-related concussion was developed, including the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool Fifth edition ([[SCAT5]]), the Child SCAT5, and the Concussion Recognition Tool Fifth edition
((Davis GA, Ellenbogen RG, Bailes J, Cantu RC, Johnston KM, Manley GT, Nagahiro S, Sills A, Tator CH, McCrory P. The Berlin International Consensus Meeting on Concussion in Sport. Neurosurgery. 2018 Feb 1;82(2):232-236. doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyx344. PMID: 29106653.)).