====== 1991 ======

[[1990]]-[[1992]].

[[Guglielmi detachable coil]]s in [[1991]].
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Since its introduction in [[1991]], the [[Marshall computed tomography classification]] has become largely accepted for its descriptive and predictive value. For example, the [[IMPACT]] ([[International Mission on Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in Traumatic Brain Injury]]) prognostic model applies the Marshall CT score for 6-month outcome prediction in patients with moderate to severe [[TBI]]
((Steyerberg EW, Mushkudiani N, Perel P, et al. Predicting outcome after traumatic brain injury: development and international validation of prognostic scores based on admission characteristics. PLoS Med. 2008;5 (8):e165.)).

The [[Marshall computed tomography classification]] was, however, not designed for outcome prediction, and in [[2005]], Maas et al
redesigned it for 6-month mortality prediction, resulting in the [[Rotterdam CT score]]
((Maas AI, Hukkelhoven CW, Marshall LF, Steyerberg EW. Prediction of outcome in traumatic brain injury with computed tomographic character- istics: a comparison between the computed tomographic classification and combinations of computed tomographic predictors. Neurosurgery. 2005;57 (6):1173-1182; discussion 1173-1182.)).

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Naidich TP.** MR Imaging of [[Brain Surface]] Anatomy. ''Neuroradiology''. [[1991]];33(Suppl):S95–S99
((Naidich TP. MR Imaging of Brain Surface [[Anatomy]]. [[Neuroradiology]]. 1991; 33:S95–S99))
    * Provided early MRI-based cortical landmark guidance.
    * **Criticism**: lacks modern resolution, no quantitative method, outdated for current neurosurgical use.