====== 1952 ======

[[1951]]-[[1953]]

The use of [[corticosteroid]]s to treat cerebral [[edema]] in [[brain tumor]] patients dates back to case reports by Ingraham and Matson in [[1952]]
((Ingraham FD, Matson DD, Mc LR. Cortisone and ACTH as an adjunct to the surgery of craniopharyngiomas. N Engl J Med. 1952;246(15):568–571.)).
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Intra-arterial (IA) delivery of chemotherapeutic agents for brain tumors was introduced as a therapeutic option as far back as [[1950]] by Klopp et al in animals 
((Klopp CT, Alford TC, Bateman J, et al. Fractionated intra-arterial cancer.
chemotherapy with methyl bis amine hydrochloride; a preliminary report. Ann Surg
1950;132:811–32.))
and [[1952]] by French et al in humans
((French JD, West PM, von Amerongen FK, et al. Effects of intracarotid administration of
nitrogen mustard on normal brain and brain tumors. J Neurosurg 1952;9:378–89.)).
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Love and Dodge 
((LOVE JG, DODGE HW Jr. Dumbbell (hourglass) neurofibromas affecting the spinal 
cord. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1952 Feb;94(2):161-72. PubMed PMID: 14901250.))
in 1952 first coined the term [[dumbbell tumor]], reporting a neurogenic tumor with in growths into the spinal canal. In addition, these tumors may grow extensively outside the spinal canal and compress the paraspinal-iliopsoas complexes as well as retroperitoneal vascular structures.
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In [[1952]], it was at [[Sainte-Anne Hospital]] that Jean Delay and Pierre Deniker used the first neuroleptic, chlorpromazine, to cure psychiatric patients, putting an end to the expansion of [[psychosurgery]]. 
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[[James Watson Kernohan]] has been recognized as the first neurosurgeon to report an intramedullary schwannoma case in [[1952]], though [[Wilder Penfield]] had already described an [[intramedullary]] lesion with [[schwannoma]]s characteristics in [[1932]]
((Penfield W. Notes on operative technic in neurosurgery. Ann surg. 1946;124:383–5.)).

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[[Baylor College of Medicine]] Department of Neurosurgery was established in [[1952]] as a division of the Department of Surgery, and is led by department chair, Dr. Daniel Yoshor.