====== 1901 ======

[[1900]]-[[1902]]

In 1901 Hirschmann used a modified cystoscope to inspect the [[maxillary sinus]] and therefore is considered to be among the pioneers of paranasal endoscopic surgery
((Draf W: Endoscopy of the Paranasal Sinuses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1983, pp 4–9)).
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[[Harvey Williams Cushing]] 14-month Wanderjahr had a profound effect on his subsequent personal [[career]], which in turn ushered in the modern age of [[America]]n neurosurgery. From July [[1900]] to August [[1901]], he traveled to [[Europe]]an neurosurgical centers in [[England]], [[France]], [[Switzerland]], [[Italy]], and [[Germany]]. His excursion happened at a crucial moment in his trajectory; it was built on his existing foundation of [[Halstedian surgical training]] and occurred at a time when interest in the special field of neurological surgery was emerging. The research and clinical experiences on his journey-good and bad-undoubtedly informed his fledgling neurosurgical practice.