Vestibular schwannoma surgery vascular complications [Neurosurgery Wiki]

This page is read only. You can view the source, but not change it. Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong.
===== Vestibular schwannoma surgery vascular complications=====
//J.Sales-Llopis//

//Neurosurgery Department, University General Hospital of Alicante, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Alicante, Spain//

Cerebral [[vasospasm]] is an important cause of [[morbidity]] after [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]], but can also occur after [[vestibular schwannoma surgery]]. 

Delayed neurological deterioration in a patient who has undergone surgery not explained by an intracranial mass lesion should be promptly investigated. If vasospasm is diagnosed, it should be treated aggressively with [[Triple H therapy]] and early [[angioplasty]]
((Bejjani GK, Sekhar LN, Yost AM, Bank WO, Wright DC. Vasospasm after cranial
base tumor resection: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. Surg Neurol. 1999
Dec;52(6):577-83; discussion 583-4. PubMed PMID: 10660023.
)).
====Case series====
===2015===
In a retrospective analysis of patients treated between April 2013 and February 2014 in a hospital in China. Patients with other intracranial abnormalities, postoperative vasoactive drug use, or postoperative abnormalities in consciousness, vital signs, blood electrolytes or arterial blood gases were excluded. The tumor was removed using the [[retrosigmoid approach]], with care taken to minimize bleeding and protect the facial, trigeminal and lower cranial nerves and brainstem. Flow velocities in the bilateral internal carotid, middle cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries, assessed with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography before surgery and on postoperative days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9, were used to detect [[cerebral vasospasm]](mild, 120-140 cm/s; moderate, 141-200 cm/s; severe,>200cm/s). Factors associated with vasospasm were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Forty-three (53.8%) of the 80 patients (36 males) included were diagnosed with cerebral vasospasm: 5 (11.6%) were categorized as mild, 36 (83.7%) as moderate and 2 (4.7%) as severe. Multivariate analysis showed that younger patient age, larger tumor size and firm tumor consistency were independently associated with postoperative cerebral vasospasm (P<0.05).

In conclusion, younger patient age, larger tumor size and firmer tumor consistency were independently associated with postoperative cerebral vasospasm in patients with [[vestibular schwannoma]]
((Qi J, Jia W, Zhang L, Zhang J, Wu Z. Risk Factors For Postoperative Cerebral
Vasospasm After Surgical Resection of Acoustic Neuroma. World Neurosurg. 2015 Jul
14. pii: S1878-8750(15)00882-7. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.016. [Epub ahead of
print] PubMed PMID: 26187110.
)).

===2003===
Six cases of vascular complications were identified: one case of cerebral vasospasm secondary to persistence of subarachnoid blood after injury to [[Dandy's vein]]; three cases of arterial infarction giving rise to a partial [[AICA syndrome]] with an unusual [[nystagmus]] in two cases (ipsilateral in one patient and strong controlateral in one patient presenting preoperative vestibular areflexia); one case of hematoma of the cerebello-pontine angle (CPA) causing strong ipsilateral nystagmus; and one case of venous infarction of the cerebellar [[vermis]] secondary to accidental [[sinus thrombosis]].

Vascular complications are potentially devastating and should be identified as early as possible. Rapid extubation is recommended for systematic neurologic assessment. Among abnormal signs and symptoms that should alert the surgeon, marked nystagmus ipsilateral to the operated side or contralateral in patient presenting preoperative vestibular areflexia appears to be of great value
((Kania R, Lot G, Herman P, Tran Ba Huy P. [Vascular complications after
acoustic neurinoma surgery]. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac. 2003
Apr;120(2):94-102. French. PubMed PMID: 12916281.)).

====Case reports====
LeRoux et al. report one case of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm documented by transcranial Doppler and angiography studies. The patient responded to hypervolemic therapy 
((LeRoux PD, Haglund MM, Mayberg MR, Winn HR. Symptomatic cerebral vasospasm
following tumor resection: report of two cases. Surg Neurol. 1991
Jul;36(1):25-31. PubMed PMID: 2053069.
)).