Veins of the Neck [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Veins of the Neck ======
The venous drainage of the [[neck]] can be characterized into superficial or deep. Superficial drainage refers to the venous drainage of the [[subcutaneous tissue]]s, which are drained by the anterior and [[external jugular vein]]s (EJVs). The brain, face, and neck structures are mainly drained by the [[internal jugular vein]] (IJV). The superficial veins are found deep to the platysma muscle while the deep veins are found encased in the carotid sheath. The junction of the retromandibular vein and the posterior auricular vein usually form the EJV, which continues along to drain into the [[subclavian vein]]. The [[anterior jugular vein]] is usually formed by the submandibular veins, travels downward anterior to the [[sternocleidomastoid muscle]] (SCM), and drains either into the EJV or the subclavian vein. Other superficial veins of the neck to consider are the superior, middle, and inferior thyroid veins. The superior thyroid and middle thyroid veins drain into the IJV whereas the inferior thyroid vein usually drains into the brachiocephalic veins
((Dalip D, Iwanaga J, Loukas M, Oskouian RJ, Tubbs RS. Review of the Variations 
of the Superficial Veins of the Neck. Cureus. 2018 Jun 18;10(6):e2826. doi:
10.7759/cureus.2826. Review. PubMed PMID: 30131919; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC6101467.
)).