Validity [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Validity ======

The [[Method]]s section is the fundamental part of the [[paper]] where the [[reviewer]] will analyze the internal and external [[validity]] of the [[study]]. To do that, the [[reviewer]] needs to understand the specific aspects of the methodology with greater refinement and precision using [[PICOT]] 
((Falavigna A: Formulating the question and PICOT, in Falavigna
A, Jimènez Avila JM (eds): Education in Research:
From the Idea to the Publication, ed 2. Caxias do Sul, Brazil:
Educs, 2015, pp 45–52)).

see [[External validity]].

see [[Internal validity]].
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[[Method]]ological [[quality]] refers to the level of [[rigor]] and [[validity]] in the [[design]], [[implementation]], and [[analysis]] of a [[research]] study. In other words, it refers to how well a study has been conducted and how confident we can be in its findings.

Some factors that can affect methodological quality include the [[sampling]] method, [[data collection]] techniques, the use of appropriate [[measure]]s and statistical analyses, the control of [[confounding]] variables, and the reporting of [[results]]. A study with high methodological quality is more likely to produce reliable and accurate results and to be considered trustworthy by other researchers and the scientific community. 
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The [[peer review process]] is a crucial part of [[scientific research]], where [[expert]]s in a field [[review]] and evaluate [[research]] before it is published in [[academic journal]]s. However, there have been concerns about a "peer review crisis" in recent years, particularly in regards to the [[reproducibility]] and [[reliability]] of published research.

One major issue is the increasing volume of research being published, which can make it difficult for peer reviewers to adequately assess the [[quality]] and [[accuracy]] of all the [[submission]]s. This can lead to [[error]]s or omissions in the review process, which in turn can affect the [[validity]] of the research.