Thoracic disc herniation [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Thoracic disc herniation ======

{{rss>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rss/search/1L77UU-fM1-aNWfiBXYt3JXvXUo9f6PKBTCS9l2NRwAfHKOwOF/?limit=15&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&fc=20240111185358}}

===== Key concepts =====

● comprise only 0.25% of [[disc herniation]]s, and < 4% of operations for herniated disc

● usually occur at or below [[T8]] (the more mobile portion of the [[thoracic spine]])

● frequently calcified ∴ get CT through the disc (may affect the choice of surgical approach)

● primary indications for surgery: refractory [[pain]], progressive [[myelopathy]]

● surgical treatment: [[laminectomy]] is usually not appropriate for midline or calcified discs

===== Epidemiology =====

[[Thoracic disc herniation epidemiology]].

===== Classification =====

see [[Thoracic hard disc herniation]] or Calcified thoracic disc herniation or Sclerosing thoracic disc herniation

see [[Thoracolumbar disc herniation]].

===== Etiology =====
The sequelae of [[Scheuermann’s disease]] probably contribute to the development of symptoms 
((Bradford DS, Garica A. Neurological complications in Scheuermann's disease. A 
case report and review of the literature. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1969
Apr;51(3):567-72. PubMed PMID: 5781590.))
((Chiu KY, Luk KD. Cord compression caused by multiple disc herniations and
intraspinal cyst in Scheuermann's disease. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1995 May
1;20(9):1075-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 7631238.
))
((Lesoin F, Leys D, Rousseaux M, Dubois F, Villette L, Pruvo JP, Petit H, Jomin 
M. Thoracic disk herniation and Scheuermann's disease. Eur Neurol.
1987;26(3):145-52. PubMed PMID: 3569368.
))
((VAN LANDINGHAM JH. Herniation of thoracic intervertebral discs with spinal
cord compression in kyphosis dorsalis juvenilis (Scheuermann's disease); case
report. J Neurosurg. 1954 May;11(3):327-9. PubMed PMID: 13163735.
)).
===== Clinical features =====
see [[Thoracic disc herniation clinical features]].

===== Diagnosis =====

see [[Thoracic disc herniation diagnosis]].


===== Treatment =====

see [[Thoracic disc herniation treatment]].

===== Case series =====
Yüce İ, Kahyaoğlu O, Çavuşoğlu HA, Çavuşoğlu H, Aydın Y. Midterm outcome of
[[thoracic disc herniation]]s that were treated by microdiscectomy with bilateral
decompression via unilateral approach. J Clin Neurosci. 2018 Dec;58:94-99. doi:
10.1016/j.jocn.2018.09.033. Epub 2018 Oct 9. PubMed PMID: 30314918.

===== Case reports =====
see [[Thoracic disc herniation case reports]].

===== References =====