Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor (DNET)

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====== Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor (DNET) - Temporal Lobe ======

===== Overview =====
**Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor (DNET)** is a benign, WHO grade I glioneuronal tumor typically presenting in children and young adults with **long-standing, pharmacoresistant epilepsy**. The **temporal lobe** is the most common location.

===== Epidemiology =====
  * Age: Childhood to young adulthood (most < 20 years)
  * Slight male predominance
  * ~80% of cases involve the **temporal lobe**

===== Clinical Presentation =====
  * Chronic, intractable **focal epilepsy**
  * Often normal neurological exam
  * Rarely causes increased intracranial pressure or neurological deficits

===== Diagnosis =====

[[Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor Diagnosis]].



===== Treatment =====
  * **Surgical resection** is the treatment of choice
  * **Gross total resection** often cures epilepsy
  * Recurrence is rare

===== Prognosis =====
  * Excellent long-term prognosis
  * Very low risk of malignant transformation
  * Seizure freedom in >80% after complete resection

===== Differential Diagnosis =====
  * Ganglioglioma
  * Oligodendroglioma (especially low-grade)
  * Cortical dysplasia without tumor
  * Low-grade astrocytoma

===== References =====
  * WHO Classification of Tumors of the CNS, 2021
  * Guerrini R, et al. Epilepsy surgery and DNETs. Epilepsia. 2012.
  * Blumcke I, et al. Histopathological findings in long-term epilepsy surgery. Brain Pathol. 2007.