structural_imaging [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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Structural imaging refers to approaches that are specialized for the visualization and analysis of anatomical properties of the brain. Structural approaches are particularly useful for detecting brain damage and abnormalities.
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[[Magnetic resonance elastography]] and [[structural imaging]] were performed in 128 patients with suspected [[normal pressure hydrocephalus]] and 44 control participants. Patients were categorized into 4 subgroups based on their anatomic features. Surgery [[outcome]] was acquired for 68 patients. [[Voxelwise modeling]] was performed to detect regions with significantly different mechanical properties between each group. Mechanical signatures were summarized using pattern analysis and were used as features to train classification models and predict shunt outcomes for 2 sets of feature spaces: a limited 2D feature space that included the most common features found in normal pressure hydrocephalus and an expanded 20-dimensional (20D) feature space that included features from all 4 morphologic subgroups.

Both the 2D and 20D classifiers performed significantly better than chance for predicting clinical outcomes with estimated areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.66 and 0.77, respectively (P < .05, permutation test). The 20D classifier significantly improved the diagnostic OR and positive predictive value compared with the 2D classifier (P < .05, permutation test).

MR elastography provides further insight into mechanical alterations in the normal pressure hydrocephalus brain and is a promising, noninvasive method for predicting surgical outcomes in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus.
((Karki P, Murphy MC, Cogswell PM, Senjem ML, Graff-Radford J, Elder BD, Perry A, Graffeo CS, Meyer FB, Jack CR Jr, Ehman RL, Huston J 3rd. Prediction of Surgical Outcomes in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus by MR Elastography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2024 Jan 25. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A8108. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38272572.))