Spinal vascular malformation classification [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Spinal vascular malformation classification ======

There are three current era classification systems.

===== The “American/English/French Connection” classification =====

The [[American English French Connection Classification]].

===== Hôpital Bicêtre classification =====

[[Hôpital Bicêtre classification]]

===== Spetzler et al. classification =====

[[Spetzler et al. classification]].
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Different types of spinal [[arteriovenous malformation]] (AVM) have differing age of presentation, but overall 80% present between the age 20 and 60 years.

Embolization of a spinal cord arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is considered a high-risk procedure due to the potential risk of spinal cord injury. 

see [[Spinal intramedullary arteriovenous malformation]].

see also [[Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula]].
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see [[Cervical dural arteriovenous fistula]].

see [[Thoracic dural arteriovenous fistula]].

see [[Thoracolumbar dural arteriovenous fistula]].

see [[Lumbar dural arteriovenous fistula]].

see [[Lumbosacral dural arteriovenous fistula]].

see [[Sacral dural arteriovenous fistula]].
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[[Spinal cord hemangioblastoma]].

[[Spinal cord cavernous malformation]].

[[Spinal aneurysm]].

[[Spinal arteriovenous fistula]]: extradural or intradural.

For a [[review]] of the [[history]] of [[classification]] systems, see the excellent review by Black
((Black P. Spinal vascular malformations: an historical perspective. Neurosurg Focus. 2006; 21)).

see [[Pediatric Spinal Vascular Malformation]].

Spinal vascular pathological conditions can be classified into different subtypes especially by the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and selective digital subtraction angiography (DSA). 
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