Skull base [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Skull base ======

{{ http://lh4.ggpht.com/_RIjx_Mg4ZVM/TLIOTrdHxII/AAAAAAAACM4/0JnnFMxbg9Y/image_thumb%5B5%5D.png?400}}


The base of [[skull]] is the most inferior area of the skull, composed of the endocranium and lower parts of the skull roof.

===== Anatomy =====

The anatomy of the [[skull base]] is complex with multiple neurovascular structures in a small space. Understanding all of the intricate relationships begins with understanding the anatomy of the [[sphenoid bone]], [[cavernous sinus]], [[clivus]].

The [[cavernous sinus]] contains the carotid artery and some of its branches; cranial nerves III, IV, VI, and V1; and transmits venous blood from multiple sources. 

The [[clivus]] protects the [[brainstem]] and [[posterior cranial fossa]]. A thorough appreciation of the anatomy of these various areas allows for [[endoscopic endonasal approach]]es to the skull base
((Patel CR, Fernandez-Miranda JC, Wang WH, Wang EW. Skull Base Anatomy.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2016 Feb;49(1):9-20. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2015.09.001.
Review. PubMed PMID: 26614826.
)).

Understanding the normal imaging appearance of skull base reconstruction is important for accurate postoperative interpretation and delineation between normal reconstructive tissue and recurrent neoplasm
((Nunes RH, Abello AL, Zanation AM, Sasaki-Adams D, Huang BY. Imaging in
Endoscopic Cranial Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery. Otolaryngol Clin North Am.
2016 Feb;49(1):33-62. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2015.09.003. Review. PubMed PMID:
26614828.)).

===== Anterior skull base =====

[[Anterior skull base]]

===== Midline skull base =====

[[Midline skull base]].

===== Posterior skull base =====

[[Posterior skull base]].

===== Ventrolateral skull base =====

[[Ventrolateral skull base]].


===== Skull Base Anomaly =====
[[Skull Base Anomaly]].

===== Skull base surgery =====
[[Skull base surgery]].

===== Skull base trauma =====
[[Skull base trauma]].

===== Skull base tumor =====
[[Skull base tumor]].