Polaris Valve [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Polaris Valve ======
The Polaris Valve is a reliable, adjustable valve. Unlike other [[adjustable pressure valve]]s (except the Miethke ProGAV valve), the Polaris cannot be accidentally re-adjusted by an external magnetic field 
((Allin DM, Czosnyka M, Richards HK, Pickard JD, Czosnyka ZH. Investigation of
the hydrodynamic properties of a new MRI-resistant programmable hydrocephalus
shunt. Cerebrospinal Fluid Res. 2008 Apr 21;5:8. doi: 10.1186/1743-8454-5-8.
PubMed PMID: 18426562; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2365935.))
((Chari A, Czosnyka M, Richards HK, Pickard JD, Czosnyka ZH. Hydrocephalus shunt
technology: 20 years of experience from the Cambridge Shunt Evaluation
Laboratory. J Neurosurg. 2014 Jan 3. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 24405071.))
((Nakashima K, Nakajo T, Kawamo M, Kato A, Ishigaki S, Murakami H, Imaizumi Y,
Izumiyama H. Programmable shunt valves: in vitro assessment of safety of the
magnetic field generated by a portable game machine. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo).
2011;51(9):635-8. PubMed PMID: 21946726.))
((Nakashima K, Oishi A, Itokawa H, Fujimoto M. [Effect of magnetic fields from
home-use magnetic induction therapy apparatuses on adjustable cerebrospinal fluid
shunt valves]. No Shinkei Geka. 2010 Aug;38(8):725-9. Japanese. PubMed PMID:
20697146.))
((Inoue T, Kuzu Y, Ogasawara K, Ogawa A. Effect of 3-tesla magnetic resonance
imaging on various pressure programmable shunt valves. J Neurosurg. 2005
Aug;103(2 Suppl):163-5. PubMed PMID: 16370283.)).

Can be safely used for treatment of neonatal hydrocephalus.
Prevention of late overdrainage syndromes with these valves needs a longer follow-up ((Martínez-Lage JF, Almagro MJ, Del Rincón IS, Pérez-Espejo MA, Piqueras C,
Alfaro R, Ros de San Pedro J. Management of neonatal hydrocephalus: feasibility
of use and safety of two programmable (Sophy and Polaris) valves. Childs Nerv
Syst. 2008 May;24(5):549-56. Epub 2007 Oct 9. PubMed PMID: 17924120.)).

No interactions with the iPad 3 with Smart Cover ((He Y, Murphy RK, Roland JL, Limbrick DD Jr. Interactions between programmable 
shunt valves and the iPad 3 with Smart Cover. Childs Nerv Syst. 2013
Apr;29(4):531-3. doi: 10.1007/s00381-013-2053-4. Epub 2013 Feb 20. PubMed PMID:
23423659.)).