Juxtafacet cyst pathology [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Juxtafacet cyst pathology ======

[[Cyst]] walls are composed of [[fibrous connective tissue]] of varying thickness and cellularity. There are usually no signs of [[infection]] or [[inflammation]]. There may be a synovial lining
((Liu SS, Williams KD, Drayer BP, et al. Synovial Cysts of the Lumbosacral Spine: Diagnosis by MR Imaging. AJNR. 1989; 10:1239–1242))
([[synovial cyst]]) or it may be absent
((Silbergleit R, Gebarski SS, Brunberg JA, et al. Lumbar Synovial Cysts: Correlation of Myelographic, CT, MR, and Pathologic Findings. AJNR. 1990; 11:777–779)) 
(ganglion cyst). 
The distinction between the two may be difficult,
((Freidberg SR, Fellows T, Thomas CB, et al. Experience with Symptomatic Epidural Cysts. Neurosurgery. 1994; 34:989–993)) 
possibly owing in part to the fact that fibroblasts in ganglion cysts may form an incomplete synovial-like lining
((Soren A. Pathogenesis and Treatment of Ganglion. Clin Orthop. 1966; 48:173–179)).
Proliferation of small venules is seen in the connective tissue. Hemosiderin staining may be present, and may or may not be associated with a history of trauma
((Sabo RA, Tracy PT, Weinger JM. A Series of 60 Juxtafacet Cysts: Clinical Presentation, the Role of Spinal Instability, and Treatment. J Neurosurg. 1996; 85:560–565)).
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Lumbar [[juxtafacet cyst]] arise from the zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine and commonly demonstrate synovial herniation with mucinous degeneration of the facet joint capsule
((Boody BS, Savage JW. Evaluation and Treatment of Lumbar Facet Cysts. J Am Acad
Orthop Surg. 2016 Dec;24(12):829-842. PubMed PMID: 27792054.
)).