Intracranial dural metastases [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Intracranial dural metastases ======

Pathology
There are four mechanisms by which intracranial dural metastases are thought to occur 
((Brain metastases. Springer. ISBN:0387692215.)):

Direct extension from skull metastases

Retrograde seeding through the vertebral venous plexus

Haematogenous seeding

Lymphatic seeding

The primary malignancies that frequently cause dural metastases include (in descending order of frequency) ((Nayak L, Abrey LE, Iwamoto FM. Intracranial dural metastases. Cancer. 2009;115 (9): 1947-53. doi:10.1002/cncr.24203))
((Brain metastases. Springer. ISBN:0387692215.)).

breast cancer

prostate cancer

lung cancer

head and neck cancers

haematological cancers

neuroblastoma

gastric adenocarcinoma 
((Sequential spinal and intracranial dural metastases in gastric adenocarcinoma: A case report. (2018) World Journal of Gastroenterology. 24 (5): 651. doi:10.3748/wjg.v24.i5.651)).