Interferon-alfa for Craniopharyngioma [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Interferon-alfa for Craniopharyngioma ======

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see [[Peginterferon alfa-2a]]

The indications for [[interferon-alfa]] for [[craniopharyngioma treatment]], are predominantly [[cystic craniopharyngioma]]s, especially in pediatric patients.

Recurrent cysts after surgery or when radiotherapy is not preferred (e.g., very young age).

When minimally invasive options are desired.

📈 Clinical Outcomes
Studies and case series have shown:

Cyst volume reduction.

Stabilization of tumor growth.

Delay or avoidance of more aggressive treatments (surgery, radiotherapy).

✅ Advantages
Minimally invasive.

Low systemic toxicity.

Well tolerated in repeated cycles.

Can be repeated without cumulative adverse effects.

⚠️ Limitations & Side Effects
Local inflammation, fever, or transient symptoms after injection.

Not effective for solid tumor components.

Requires catheter placement and repeated procedures.

📚 Key Studies
Cavalheiro et al. (2005): Long-term control in children with cystic craniopharyngiomas using intracystic IFN-alfa-2b.

Sainte-Rose et al. (2004): Intracystic interferon as an alternative to radiotherapy in children.

🔬 Mechanism of Action (Proposed)
Induction of local immune response.

Anti-proliferative effect on epithelial lining of the cyst.

Reduction in cyst fluid production.