🧬 HPV16-positive cervical squamous cell carcinoma [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== 🧬 HPV16-positive cervical squamous cell carcinoma ======

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A malignant epithelial tumor of the cervix originating from the squamous epithelium, associated with infection by human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) — the most oncogenic strain among high-risk HPV types.

Pathophysiology:

[[HPV16]] encodes E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which inactivate tumor suppressor genes p53 and RB1, respectively, leading to genomic instability and malignant transformation of cervical epithelial cells.

Clinical significance:

HPV16 is detected in approximately 50–60% of cervical squamous cell carcinomas worldwide.

Tumors positive for HPV16 may present distinct molecular profiles, radiation sensitivity, and potentially prognostic implications compared to HPV-negative cases.

Though usually locally invasive, rare hematogenous dissemination (e.g., to brain or cerebellum) has been documented in isolated reports.

Diagnosis:

Confirmed by histopathology of cervical biopsy.

HPV genotyping (PCR or in situ hybridization) identifies high-risk subtypes like HPV16.

Treatment:

Based on FIGO stage, standard treatment includes radiotherapy ± cisplatin-based chemotherapy, with brachytherapy for local control.