F2 facet fracture [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== F2 facet fracture ======

F2 is a [[facet fracture]] with potential for instability from the [[AOSpine subaxial cervical spine injury classification system]]. Fracture fragments are greater than 1 cm and comprise less than 40% lateral mass or displaced.

{{::facet_injury.jpg|}}

There was significant variability in [[diagnostic accuracy]] for F1 [[facet fracture]] through F3-type fractures, whereas almost universal agreement was achieved for F4-type injuries
((Cabrera JP, Yurac R, Guiroy A, Joaquim AF, Carazzo CA, Zamorano JJ, White KP, Valacco M; and the AO Spine Latin America Trauma Study Group. Accuracy and reliability of the [[AOSpine subaxial cervical spine injury classification system]] grading subaxial [[cervical facet injury]] morphology. Eur Spine J. 2021 Apr 11. doi: 10.1007/s00586-021-06837-w. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33842992.)).

F2-injuries are usually components of unstable B- or C-injuries, which dictate the surgical strategy. Possible nerve root compression by the facet fragment may therefore require an additional posterior approach in case of an anterior stabilization.
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[[Facet fracture]]s with [[transverse process]] involvement or comminution have a higher probability of being an F2 fracture. These characteristics may be helpful when categorizing facet fractures using the AOSpine classification
((Jenjitranant P, Beckmann NM, Cai C, Cheekatla SK, West OC. There has to be an easier way: facet fracture characteristics that reliably differentiate AOSpine F1 and F2 injuries. Emerg Radiol. 2019 Aug;26(4):391-399. doi: 10.1007/s10140-019-01684-1. Epub 2019 Mar 25. PMID: 30911958.)).