Extended reality [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Extended reality ======

Extended [[reality]] is a catch-all to refer to [[augmented reality]] and [[virtual reality]]. Sometimes the abbreviation “XR” is used to refer to both. The [[technology]] is intended to combine or mirror the physical world with a "digital twin world" that is able to interact with each other.
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Surgical [[simulation]] [[practice]]s have witnessed a rapid [[expansion]] as an invaluable approach to a [[resident training]] in recent years. One emerging way of implementing [[simulation]] is the adoption of [[extended reality]] (XR) technologies, which enable [[trainee]]s to hone their [[skill]]s by allowing interaction with [[virtual]] [[3D]] [[object]]s placed in either real-world imagery or virtual [[environment]]s. The goal of a [[systematic review]] is to [[survey]] and broach the topic of XR in neurosurgery, with a focus on [[education]]. Five databases were investigated, leading to the inclusion of 31 studies after a thorough reviewing process. Focusing on [[user performance]] (UP) and [[user experience]] (UX), the body of evidence provided by these 31 studies showed that this technology has, in fact, the potential of enhancing [[neurosurgical education]] through the use of a wide array of both objective and subjective metrics. Recent research on the topic has so far produced solid results, particularly showing improvements in young residents, compared to other groups and over time. In conclusion, this review not only aids to a better understanding of the use of XR in neurosurgical education but also highlights the areas where further research is entailed while also providing valuable insight into future applications
((Iop A, El-Hajj VG, Gharios M, de Giorgio A, Monetti FM, Edström E, Elmi-Terander A, Romero M. Extended Reality in Neurosurgical Education: A Systematic Review. Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 14;22(16):6067. doi: 10.3390/s22166067. PMID: 36015828; PMCID: PMC9414210.)).