Extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach ======

The extended [[endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach]], provides a direct midline exposure to [[retrochiasmatic craniopharyngioma]]s and allows safe bimanual microsurgical dissection of the tumor from the undersurface of the [[optic chiasm]] (OC) and [[hypothalamus]].

((Couldwell WT, Weiss MH, Rabb C, Liu JK, Apfelbaum RI, Fukushima T. Variations on the standard transsphenoidal approach to the sellar region, with emphasis on the extended approaches and parasellar approaches: Surgical experience in 105 cases. Neurosurgery. 2004;55:539–47.)).
((Dusick JR, Esposito F, Kelly DF, Cohan P, DeSalles A, Becker DP, et al. The extended direct endonasal transsphenoidal approach for nonadenomatous suprasellar tumors. J Neurosurg. 2005;102:832–41.))
((Frank G, Pasquini E, Doglietto F, Mazzatenta D, Sciarretta V, Farneti G, et al. The endoscopic extended transsphenoidal approach for craniopharyngiomas. Neurosurgery. 2006;59(1 Suppl 1):ONS75–83.))
((de Divitiis E, Cappabianca P, Cavallo LM, Esposito F, de Divitiis O, Messina A. Extended endoscopic transsphenoidal approach for extrasellar craniopharyngiomas. Neurosurgery. 2007;61(5 Suppl 2):219–27.))
((Laufer I, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic, endonasal extended transsphenoidal, transplanum transtuberculum approach for resection of suprasellar lesions. J Neurosurg. 2007;106:400–6.))
((Gardner PA, Kassam AB, Snyderman CH, Carrau RL, Mintz AH, Grahovac S, et al. Outcomes following endoscopic, expanded endonasal resection of suprasellar craniopharyngiomas: A case series. J Neurosurg. 2008;109:6–16.))
((Kassam AB, Gardner PA, Snyderman CH, Carrau RL, Mintz AH, Prevedello DM. Expanded endonasal approach, a fully endoscopic transnasal approach for the resection of midline suprasellar craniopharyngiomas: A new classification based on the infundibulum. J Neurosurg. 2008;108:715–28.))
((Cappabianca P, Cavallo LM, Esposito F, De Divitiis O, Messina A, De Divitiis E. Extended endoscopic endonasal approach to the midline skull base: The evolving role of transsphenoidal surgery. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg. 2008;33:151–99.))
((Liu JK, Christiano LD, Patel SK, Eloy JA. Surgical nuances for removal of retrochiasmatic craniopharyngioma via the endoscopic endonasal extended transsphenoidal transplanum transtuberculum approach. Neurosurg Focus. 2011;30:E14.))
((Cavallo LM, Frank G, Cappabianca P, Solari D, Mazzatenta D, Villa A, et al. The endoscopic endonasal approach for the management of craniopharyngiomas: A series of 103 patients. J Neurosurg. 2014;121:100–13.)).