Cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor [Neurosurgery Wiki]

This page is read only. You can view the source, but not change it. Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong.
====== Cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor ======
A cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitor is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ([[NSAID]]) that selectively or non-selectively inhibits the [[COX-1]] enzyme. [[COX-1]] is responsible for producing prostaglandins that help maintain the normal lining of the stomach, support kidney function, and aid in platelet aggregation (blood clotting).

===== Examples of COX-1 Inhibitors =====

Aspirin – Irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2, used for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and antiplatelet effects.
Ketoprofen – A non-selective NSAID with stronger COX-1 inhibition than COX-2, used for pain and inflammation.
Indomethacin – A potent NSAID that inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 but has a significant impact on COX-1, commonly used for rheumatoid arthritis and gout.
Piroxicam – Another non-selective NSAID that inhibits COX-1 more than COX-2, used for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Effects of COX-1 Inhibition:
Reduced inflammation, pain, and fever (therapeutic effect).
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding (due to reduced gastric mucosal protection).
Potential kidney impairment (due to reduced prostaglandin-mediated renal function).
Reduced platelet aggregation, which can prevent blood clots (beneficial in cardiovascular diseases but increases bleeding risk).
Selective COX-1 Inhibitors
Selective COX-1 inhibitors are less common because most NSAIDs inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 to varying degrees. However, aspirin at low doses (e.g., 81 mg daily) is often used selectively for its antiplatelet effects in cardiovascular protection.