Cognition [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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=====Cognition=====
Cognition is the set of all mental abilities and processes related to [[knowledge]]: [[attention]], [[memory]] & [[working memory]], [[judgement]] & [[evaluation]], [[reasoning]] & "computation", problem solving & decision making, comprehension & production of language, etc. Cognition is by humans conscious and unconscious, concrete or abstract, as well as intuitive (like knowledge of a language) and conceptual (like a model of a language). Cognitive processes use existing knowledge and generate new knowledge.

see [[Cognitive function]].

[[Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus]] (iNPH) is a progressive [[neurodegenerative disease]] in the [[elderly]] with enlarged [[ventricle]]s and normal or slightly elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure, clinically characterized by an insidious onset and gradual progression of impairments of [[gait]], [[balance]], [[cognition]], with [[urinary incontinence]]
((Hakim S, Adams RD. The special clinical problem of symptomatic hydrocephalus
with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Observations on cerebrospinal fluid
hydrodynamics. J Neurol Sci. 1965 Jul-Aug;2(4):307-27. PubMed PMID: 5889177.)).
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Altered [[cognition]] or [[hemiparesis]] can occur in neurocritical but conscious patients, and recognizing [[pain]] is challenging. 

====Indications====
Neurocognitive performance is used to assess multiple cognitive domains, including motor coordination, before and after [[carotid endarterectomy]] (CEA).