cerebellar_vermis_hypoplasia [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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Cystic or [[cyst]]-like [[malformation]]s of the [[posterior fossa]] represent a spectrum of [[disorder]]s, including the [[Dandy-Walker malformation]], [[cerebellar vermis hypoplasia]], mega cisterna magna, and arachnoid cyst. Differentiation of these lesions may be difficult with routine cross-sectional imaging; however, an accurate diagnosis is essential for proper treatment planning and genetic counseling. Dandy-Walker malformation is easily diagnosed on the basis of the classic triad: complete or partial agenesis of the vermis, cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, and enlarged posterior fossa. Vermian-cerebellar hypoplasia is a general classification that describes congenital malformations with a normal-sized posterior fossa, varying degrees of vermian and cerebellar hypoplasia, and a prominent retrocerebellar cerebrospinal fluid space that communicates freely with a normal or dilated fourth ventricle. Mega cisterna magna can be asymmetric and can manifest apparent mass effect, simulating the appearance of an arachnoid cyst; therefore, ventriculography or cisternography may be needed to demonstrate communication of the cystic mass with the subarachnoid space. A careful review of the embryologic development is essential in understanding these malformations and in making a more accurate radiologic diagnosis
((Kollias SS, Ball WS Jr, Prenger EC. Cystic malformations of the posterior fossa: differential diagnosis clarified through embryologic analysis. Radiographics. 1993 Nov;13(6):1211-31. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.13.6.8031352. PMID: 8031352.)).