ARID1A [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== ARID1A ======

ARID1A stands for "AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A." It is the name of a human gene that encodes a protein involved in chromatin remodeling. Chromatin remodeling is a critical process that regulates gene expression by altering the structure of chromatin, which consists of DNA and associated proteins.

Here's some key information about ARID1A:

Function: ARID1A is a subunit of the SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable) chromatin remodeling complex. This complex plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression by altering the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors and other regulatory proteins. ARID1A is involved in recruiting the SWI/SNF complex to specific genomic loci.

Tumor Suppressor: Mutations in the ARID1A gene have been associated with various cancers, including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and certain other solid tumors. In many cases, ARID1A is considered a tumor suppressor gene, and its loss of function can contribute to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer development.

Role in Development: ARID1A is also important during embryonic development, where it participates in regulating gene expression patterns that are essential for normal development.

Mutations: Mutations in ARID1A can lead to the inactivation or loss of function of the protein. These mutations are often found in cancer cells and are associated with the initiation or progression of certain types of cancer.

Clinical Significance: ARID1A mutations have clinical significance in cancer diagnostics and therapy. Researchers and clinicians study these mutations to better understand cancer biology and to develop targeted therapies.

The study of ARID1A and its role in chromatin remodeling and cancer biology is an active area of research, and its importance in understanding the molecular basis of cancer continues to grow. Researchers are exploring how ARID1A mutations contribute to cancer development and how this knowledge can be used to develop more effective cancer treatments.