Anterior Sacral Meningocele Etiology [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Anterior Sacral Meningocele Etiology ======

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Secondary to agenesis of a portion of the anterior sacrum from failure of fusion of the sacrum with subsequent herniation of the sacrum meninges into the sacral hollow.
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The meningocele may be acquired or congenital; the former is always a consequence of dura ectasia associated with Marfan syndrome, neurofibromatosis, minor trauma to the anterior sacrum, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, whereas most ASMs are congenital as illustrated by the familial clustering, age distribution, associated congenital disabilities, and part of Currarino triad
((Shedid D, Roger EP, Benzel EC. Presacral meningocele: diagnosis and treatment. Semin Spine Surg 2006; 18:161–167.))
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a)
Congenital:

Sacral bone defect

Proliferation of arachnoid

Connective tissue disorders

b)
Degenerative: Ischemic lesion

c)
Traumatic: Nerve root avulsion or hemorrhage

d)
Iatrogenic: During surgery
((North RB, Kidd DH, Wang H. Occult, bilateral anterior sacral and intrasacral meningeal and perineurial cysts: case report and review of the literature. Neurosurgery. 1990 Dec;27(6):981-6. doi: 10.1097/00006123-199012000-00020. PMID: 2274142.)).