Alkaline phosphatase [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Alkaline phosphatase ======


see [[Placental alkaline phosphatase]].

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP, ALKP, ALPase, Alk Phos) (EC 3.1.3.1) is a hydrolase enzyme responsible for removing phosphate groups from many types of molecules, including nucleotides, proteins, and alkaloids. The process of removing the phosphate group is called dephosphorylation. As the name suggests, alkaline phosphatases are most effective in an alkaline environment; it is sometimes used synonymously as basic phosphatase.

Undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells have elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase on their cell membrane.
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[[Acromegaly]] had minimal effects on tested [[mRNA]]s specific for osteoblast or osteoclast function except for downregulated ALP expression. The expressions of miR known to be involved in mesenchymal stem cell commitment and downregulated [[TWIST1]] expression indicate negative effect of acromegaly on osteoblastogenesis
((Belaya Z, Grebennikova T, Melnichenko GA, Nikitin A, Solodovnikov A, Brovkina 
O, Grigoriev A, Rozhinskaya L, Lutsenko A, Dedov II. Effects of active acromegaly
on bone mRNA and microRNA expression patterns. Eur J Endocrinol. 2018 Jan 26.
pii: EJE-17-0772. doi: 10.1530/EJE-17-0772. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
29374071.)).