1975 [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== 1975 ======

[[1974]]-[[1976]]

The [[tau protein]]s are the product of alternative splicing from a single [[gene]] that in humans is designated MAPT (microtubule-associated protein tau) and is located on [[chromosome 17]].

They were discovered in [[1975]] in Marc Kirschner's laboratory at Princeton University.
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The 'Glasgow [[Outcome Scale]]' (GOS) is a [[scale]] so that patients with brain injuries, such as cerebral traumas can be divided into groups that allow standardised descriptions of the objective degree of [[recovery]]. 

The first description was in [[1975]] by Jennett and Bond
((Jennett, B; Bond, M (1975 Mar 1). “Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage.”. Lancet 1 (7905): 480–484. PMID 46957.)).
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In [[1973]], Epstein identified lateral recess stenosis as another cause of canal narrowing
((Lumbar nerve root compression at the intervertebral foramina caused by arthritis of the posterior facet. Epstein JA, Epstein BS, Lavine LS, et al. http://thejns.org/doi/abs/10.3171/jns.1973.39.3.0362. J Neurosurg. 1973;39:362–369.)).
It was not until [[1975]] with the evolution of cross-sectional imaging and 1980's advances in CT and later MRI, that it became apparent that the soft tissue ligaments were a major cause of primary and also secondary stenosis. 
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In [[1975]] the [[Japanese Orthopaedic Association]] ([[JOA]]) introduced a [[score]] for the clinical neurological judgment of [[cervical myelopathy]]. In [[Japan]] and other Oriental countries this so-called [[JOA]] score is especially popular for judging the clinical progression of a disease known as [[ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament]] (OPLL), which is very common in Japan. 
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Department of Neurosurgery, [[Hiroshima]] University Hospital (HUH) was established on September of [[1974]] and started its clinical service from April of [[1975]] by Professor Emeritus [[Tohru UOZUMI]].