1974 [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== 1974 ======

[[1973]]-[[1975]]
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In [[1974]] the Institute of Neurological Sciences, Glasgow, was a world leader in brain injury research and clinical care. Professor Jennett and Mr Teasdale, (at that time a neurosurgical senior registrar), published a paper in the Lancet on the Assessment of Coma and Impaired Consciousness that proposed a structured method of assessment that would become known as the [[Glasgow Coma Scale]]. Forty years on, Sir Graham led a project to understand the current use of the Glasgow Coma Scale, its successes and its perceived shortcomings.
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The acronym [[SCIWORA]] ([[Spinal Cord Injury]] Without Radiographic Abnormality) was first developed and introduced by Pang and Wilberger who used it to define “clinical symptoms of traumatic[[ myelopathy]] with no radiographic or computed tomographic features of [[spinal fracture]] or [[instability]]”. The first case of SCIWORA was reported by Burke in [[1974]]
((Burke DC. Traumatic spinal paralysis in children. Paraplegia. 1974
Feb;11(4):268-76. PubMed PMID: 4827225.
)).
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Idiopathic [[spinal cord herniation]] (ISCH) is an uncommon cause of [[thoracic myelopathy]] in which the [[spinal cord]] herniates or prolapses through an anterior or lateral defect in the [[dura mater]].

This dural defect of unknown origin, is distinguished from herniation with a documented traumatic cause or with postoperative origin. Since the first report of idiopathic spinal cord herniation was published by Wortzman et al in [[1974]]
((Wortzman G, Tasker RR, Rewcastle NB, Richardson JC, Pearson FG. Spontaneous
incarcerated herniation of the spinal cord into a vertebral body: a unique cause 
of paraplegia. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1974 Nov;41(5):631-5. PubMed PMID:
4424434.
)).
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In 1974, Anderson and D’Alonzo modified Schazkter's [[odontoid fracture classification]] extending the scheme to include those that involved the vertebral body (Type III fractures)
((Anderson LD, D'Alonzo RT. Fractures of the odontoid process of the axis. 1974.
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004 Sep;86(9):2081. PubMed PMID: 15342776.
))
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Lumbar [[juxtafacet cyst]] was first diagnosed clinically in [[1968]]
((Kao CC, Uihlein A, Bickel WH, Soule EH. Lumbar intraspinal extradural ganglion
cyst. J Neurosurg. 1968 Aug;29(2):168-72. PubMed PMID: 5673315.)).


Kao et al. later confirmed this in [[1974]]
((Kao CC, Winkler SS, Turner JH. Synovial cyst of spinal facet. Case report. J
Neurosurg. 1974 Sep;41(3):372-6. PubMed PMID: 4416019.
)).

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Department of Neurosurgery, [[Hiroshima]] University Hospital (HUH) was established on September of [[1974]] and started its clinical service from April of [[1975]] by Professor Emeritus [[Tohru UOZUMI]].